Hypericin is a photosensitive antiviral with anticancer and antidepressant agent . It can inhibit tyrosine kinases with IC50 of 7.5 μM. It can induce both apoptosis and necrosis in a concentration and light dose-dependent fashion, and inhibit RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis via affecting ERK signalling in vitro and suppresses wear particle-induced osteolysis in vivo. Hypericin is a carbopolycyclic compound. It has a role as an antidepressant. It derives from a hydride of a bisanthene.

Coniferyl ferulate can inhibit Glutathione S-transferase activity in a concentration-dependent manner and show a potential MDR reversal effect for antitumour adjuvant therapy.

Pregnenolone is a 20-oxo steroid that is pregn-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 20. It has a role as a mouse metabolite and a human metabolite. It is a 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid, a 20-oxo steroid and a C21-steroid. It derives from a hydride of a pregnane. Pregnenolone is an endogenous steroid hormone for inhibition of M1 receptor and M3 receptor-mediated currents with IC50 of 11.4 μM and 6.0 μM, respectively. Pregnenolone has memory-enhancing effects, used in the treatment of fatigue, Alzheimer’s disease, trauma and injuries.

Phellodendrine has the effect of suppressing cellular immune response, reducing blood pressure and antinephritis, it also has antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. Phellodendrine can suppress local semisyngeneic GvH reactions and systemic allogeneic GvH reactions in X-ray irradiated recipient mice, it also can suppress the induction phase of sheep red blood cell (SRBC)-induced delayed type hypersensitivity in mice and tuberculin-induced delayed type hypersensitivity in guinea pigs, Phellodendrine can down-regulating AKT, IKK, NF-kB phosphorylation and COX-2 expression induced by AAPH, it also ameliorates the ROS-mediated inflammatory response.