Cantharidin, a natural toxicant of blister beetles, is a strong inhibitor of protein phosphatases types 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A), and is a novel and potent multidrug resistance (MDR) reversal agent. Cantharidin has anti-tumor activity, it causes oxidative stress that provokes DNA damage and p53-dependent apoptosis, it impairs cell migration and invasion by suppressing MMP-2 and -9 through PI3K/NF-κB signaling pathways. Cantharidin is a monoterpenoid with an epoxy-bridged cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride structure secreted by many species of blister beetle, and most notably by the Spanish fly, Lytta vesicatoria. Natural toxin inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A. It has a role as a herbicide and an EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor. It is a monoterpenoid and a cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride.

Asiaticoside, a biochemical modulator, which has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, anxiolytic-like, anti-gastric ulcers, hepatoprotective, and antidepressant-like effects, it also exhibits significant wound healing activity in normal as well as delayed healing models. Asiaticoside suppressed collagen expression and TGF-β/Smad signaling through inducing Smad7 and inhibiting TGF-βRI and TGF-βRII in keloid fibroblasts. It and its derivatives can be regarded as reasonable candidates for a therapeutic Alzheimer's disease drug that protects neurons from Abeta toxicity. Asiaticoside is a triterpenoid saponin that is a trisaccharide derivative of asiatic acid. Isolated from Centella asiatica, it exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and wound-healing properties. It has a role as an antioxidant, an antifibrotic agent, an antidepressant, an antineoplastic agent, a neuroprotective agent, an anti-inflammatory agent, a vulnerary and a plant metabolite. It is a pentacyclic triterpenoid, a carboxylic ester, a triterpenoid saponin and a trisaccharide derivative.