Geniposidic acid is an effective anticancer and radioprotection agent, used to treat inflammation, jaundice and hepatic disorders. It has anti-atherosclerotic effects, can protect vascular endothelium and reverse plaque formation in an atherosclerotic model. Geniposidic acid has effects on the expression of MRP2 and BSEP in BRL-3A cells after FXR gene silencing mediated by si RNA.

Tiglic acid is a 2-methylbut-2-enoic acid having its double bond in trans-configuration. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is functionally related to a crotonic acid.

Platycodin D2 , a less hemolytic saponin, can improve specific cellular and humoral responses to hepatitis B surface antigen in mice, it could be safely used as adjuvant eliciting Th1 and Th2 immune responses. Polygalacin D2 has anti-cancer activity, it exhibits significant inhibition on the proliferation of five kinds of cultured human tumor cell lines. Platycodin D2 is a triterpenoid saponin. It has a role as a metabolite.