Periplogenin plays protective roles against thyrotoxicosis and associated cardiovascular problems, are mediated through its direct antithyroidal and/or LPO inhibiting properties. Periplogenin induces necroptotic cell death through oxidative stress in HaCaT cells and ameliorates skin lesions in the TPA- and IMQ-induced psoriasis-like mouse models.

Hederacoside C is one of the active ingredients in Hedera helix leaf extract (Ivy Ex.) and AG NPP709, a new botanical drug to treat acute respiratory infection and chronic inflammatory bronchitis. Hederacoside C has antispasmodic activity. Hederacoside C is a potent competitive inhibitor for serine protease porcine pancreatic elastase, shows comparable IC 50 value is 40.6 uM; it also non-competitively inhibits hyaluronidase activity in a dose- dependent fashion, shows comparable IC 50 value is 280.4 uM. Kalopanaxsaponin B is a triterpenoid saponin with hederagenin as the aglycone part. It has been isolated from the stem bark of Kalopanax pictus. It has a role as an anti-inflammatory agent and a plant metabolite. It is a pentacyclic triterpenoid, a carboxylic ester and a triterpenoid saponin. It is functionally related to a hederagenin.

Cantharidin, a natural toxicant of blister beetles, is a strong inhibitor of protein phosphatases types 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A), and is a novel and potent multidrug resistance (MDR) reversal agent. Cantharidin has anti-tumor activity, it causes oxidative stress that provokes DNA damage and p53-dependent apoptosis, it impairs cell migration and invasion by suppressing MMP-2 and -9 through PI3K/NF-κB signaling pathways. Cantharidin is a monoterpenoid with an epoxy-bridged cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride structure secreted by many species of blister beetle, and most notably by the Spanish fly, Lytta vesicatoria. Natural toxin inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A. It has a role as a herbicide and an EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor. It is a monoterpenoid and a cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride.

Combretastatin A4 is a stilbenoid.

Hyperforin is a cyclic terpene ketone that is a prenylated carbobicyclic acylphloroglucinol derivative produced by St. John's Wort, Hypericum perforatum. It has a role as an antibacterial agent, an antidepressant, an antineoplastic agent, an anti-inflammatory agent, an apoptosis inducer, a plant metabolite and a GABA reuptake inhibitor. It is a cyclic terpene ketone, a carbobicyclic compound and a sesquarterpenoid. Hyperforin acts as an angiogenesis inhibitor, it as a possible antidepressant component of hypericum extracts. Hyperforin acts as a dual inhibitor of 5-LO and COX-1 in intact cells as well as on the catalytic activity of the crude enzymes, suggesting therapeutic potential in inflammatory and allergic diseases connected to eicosanoids.

Abietic acid, an abietane diterpenoid, inhibited soybean 5-lipoxygenase with an IC50 of 29.5 ± 1.29 μM.Abietic acid acts as a PPARα/γ dual activator to inhibit UVB-induced MMP-1 expression and age-related inflammation by suppressing NF-κB and the MAPK/AP-1 pathway and can be a useful agent for improving skin photoageing. Abietic acid can be used not only for anti-inflammation but also for regulating lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis. Abietic acid is an abietane diterpenoid that is abieta-7,13-diene substituted by a carboxy group at position 18. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a monocarboxylic acid and an abietane diterpenoid. It is a conjugate acid of an abietate.

Hypocrellin B is a naphthalenone.

Isobergapten is a plant growth regulating substance, it is the principal constituents responsible for the antimycobacterial activity of the roots of Heracleum maximum; it may form an important class of natural defensive agents against fungi.Isobergapten shows anti-proliferative activity and causes G2/M arrest at concentrations of 0.05-15.0 μM.

Salicylic acid is a monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid with a hydroxy group at the ortho position. It is obtained from the bark of the white willow and wintergreen leaves. It has a role as an antiinfective agent, an antifungal agent, a plant hormone, a keratolytic drug, an EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor, a plant metabolite and an algal metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of a salicylate. Salicylic acid , a phenolic phytohormone, can alleviate the damaging effects of the triple stress by improving the antioxidant system, although these effects differed depending on characteristic of the hull of the grain. Salicylic acid plays a key role in regulation of plant immune responses to different attackers.

Tumulosic acid is a triterpenoid.

Kamebakaurin has anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities through direct inhibition of DNA-binding activity of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p50; it has anti-neuroinflammatory activity via inhibition of c-Jun NH₂-terminal kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in activated microglial cells. Kamebakaurin inhibits the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and its target genes to confer antitumor activity. Kamebakaurin also has the ability to protect the liver from APAP-induced hepatotoxicity, presumably by both inhibiting the inflammatory response and oxidative stress.

Chrysophanol (Chrysophanic acid) is a natural anthraquinone, which inhibits EGF-induced phosphorylation of EGFR and suppresses activation of AKT and mTOR/p70S6K. Chrysophanol has anti-inflammatory, cytotoxicity and anti-diabetic properties, it can play metabolic roles in the insulin-stimulated glucose transport pathway; it can inhibit NALP3 inflammasome activation and ameliorate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in mice; it also is active against plant powdery mildew. Chrysophanol is a trihydroxyanthraquinone that is chrysazin with a methyl substituent at C-3. It has been isolated from Aloe vera and exhibits antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity. It has a role as an antiviral agent, an anti-inflammatory agent and a plant metabolite. It is functionally related to a chrysazin.

Dihydrocucurbitacin B has anti-cancer activity, it reduces cell proliferation due to a decrease in the expression of cyclins, mainly cyclin-B1 and disruption of the actin cytoskeleton, arresting B16F10 cells in G2/M phase. Dihydrocucurbitacin B modifies the evolution of the clinical symptoms, reduces the swelling and bone and tissue damage along with the development of the disease, modifies the cell infiltration and the expression of both nitric oxide synthase-2 and cyclooxygenase-2. 23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin B is a 23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin in which a lanostane skeleton is multi-substituted with hydroxy, methyl and oxo substituents, with unsaturation at position 5; a hydroxy function at C-25 is acetylated. It is a tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone, a 23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin and a secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone. It is functionally related to a cucurbitacin B.