Liquiritin apioside has antioxidant property by inducing glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis via the inhibition of cytokines and protected lung epithelial cells against cigarette smoke-mediated oxidative stress, might be as protective agent against epithelial injury in COPD. Liquiritin apioside is a glycoside and a member of flavonoids.

Menthol is used in analgesic balms and also in foods and oral hygiene products for its fresh cooling sensation, menthol enhances cooling by interacting with the cold-sensitive thermoTRP channel TRPM8. L-Menthol has antiperistaltic and anti-inflammatory effects, clinical trials investigating the potential therapeutic efficacy of L-menthol for treatment of chronic inflammatory disorders such as bronchial asthma, colitis and allergic rhinitis seem worthwhile, it sprayed on the gastric mucosa significantly suppresses peristalsis with minimal adverse drug reactions during upper GI endoscopy. (-)-menthol is a p-menthan-3-ol which has (1R,2S,5R)-stereochemistry. It is the most common naturally occurring enantiomer. It has a role as an antitussive, an antispasmodic drug and an antipruritic drug. It is an enantiomer of a (+)-menthol.

D-Tetrahydropalmatine is a organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1) inhibitor, it can obviously inhibit the uptake of monocrotaline (MCT) in MDCK-hOCT1 cells and isolate rat primary hepatocytes, and attenuate the viability reduction and LDH release of the primary cultured rat hepatocytes caused by MCT.

Delsoline has hypotensive effects.Delsoline is not only effective in preventing ventricular fibrillation and arrythmia, but can raise the intebsity of the threthold of electrical shocks to cause ventricular fibrillation in rabbits, the antiarrythmic effect of it may be mainly attributed to itsganglionic blocking and negative cardiac inotropic effect.

Acetylcorynoline is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid. Acetylcorynoline has anti-inflammatory properties, it also has potential to improve parkinson's disease, it may exert its effects by decreasing egl-1 expression to suppress apoptosis pathways and by increasing rpn5 expression to enhance the activity of proteasomes. Acetylcorynoline may be one of the potent immunosuppressive agents through the blockage of dendritic cells maturation and function. It has protective action against experimental liver injury in mice. Acetylcorynoline is a major alkaloid extracted from Corydalis bungeana, which has anti-inflammatory effects.