Eriocitrin is a disaccharide derivative that consists of eriodictyol substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as an antioxidant. It is a member of 4'-hydroxyflavanones, a rutinoside, a trihydroxyflavanone, a member of 3'-hydroxyflavanones, a disaccharide derivative and a flavanone glycoside. It is functionally related to an eriodictyol. Eriocitrin is powerful antioxidative flavonoid, it can prevent oxidative damages caused by acute exercise-induced oxidative stress, it also has lipid-lowering effect in rats on a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet. Eriocitrin is a potent inhibitor of human carbonic anhydrase VA isozyme.

Luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside is a glycosyloxyflavone that is luteolin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as an antioxidant and a plant metabolite. It is a beta-D-glucoside, a trihydroxyflavone, a glycosyloxyflavone and a monosaccharide derivative. It is functionally related to a luteolin. It is a conjugate acid of a luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside(1-).

Salvianolic acid A has antioxidant, hepatoprotective, antithrombotic effect, and antiplatelet actions. it also has a significant protective effect against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction; it activates the Nrf2/HO-1 axis in RPE cells and protects against oxidative stress via activation of Akt/mTORC1 signaling. Salvianolic acid A (oral) can significantly improve glucose metabolism and inhibit oxidative injury as well as protect against impaired vascular responsiveness in STZ-induced diabetic rats. It is a novel matrix metalloproteinase-9 inhibitor, can prevents cardiac remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

L-arginine is an L-alpha-amino acid that is the L-isomer of arginine. It has a role as a micronutrient, a nutraceutical, a biomarker, a mouse metabolite and an Escherichia coli metabolite. It is a L-alpha-amino acid, a glutamine family amino acid, an arginine and a proteinogenic amino acid. It is a conjugate base of a L-argininium(1+). It is a conjugate acid of a L-argininate. It is an enantiomer of a D-arginine. L-Arginine is the nitrogen donor for synthesis of nitric oxide, a potent vasodilator that is deficient during times of sickle cell crisis. L-Arginine exhibits anti-atherosclerotic effect, L-arginine and soy enriched diet are effective in prevention of osteoporosis associated with diabetes mellitus. Exogenous L-Arginine could enhance neonate lymphocyte proliferation through an interleukin-2-independent pathway.

3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde is a dihydroxybenzaldehyde.

Notoginsenoside Fc has perfect anti-platelet aggregatory effect.

Isoscoparin is a C-glycosyl compound that consists of chrysoeriol substituted by a 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol moiety at position 6. It has a role as a metabolite. It is a C-glycosyl compound, a monomethoxyflavone, a trihydroxyflavone and a monosaccharide derivative. It is functionally related to a 4',5,7-trihydroxy-3'-methoxyflavone. It is a conjugate acid of an isoscoparin-7-olate. Isoscoparin has antioxidant, and anti-adipogenic effects, it may be a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of obesity. Isoscoparin can significantly inhibit the production of both NO and TNF-α at a concentration of 2.0 uM.

Neocryptotanshinone inhibits rabbit platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid.

N-Nornuciferine can competitively inhibit CYP2D6 activity with Ki values of 2.34 uM.

Polydatin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotection and anti-cancer activities, which has favorable potency to develop a hypolipemic and/or hepatoprotective agent in clinic. It is a mitochondria protector for acute severe hemorrhagic shock treatment, the neuronal mitochondrial injury is involved in the genesis of severe shock. Polydatin has a protective effect against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat heart, the cardioprotection of polydatin is mainly mediated by cNOS which leading to an increase in NO production. Trans-piceid is a stilbenoid that is trans-resveratrol substituted at position 3 by a beta-D-glucosyl residue. It has a role as a geroprotector, an antioxidant, a metabolite, an anti-arrhythmia drug, a potassium channel modulator, a hepatoprotective agent and a nephroprotective agent. It is a beta-D-glucoside, a polyphenol, a stilbenoid and a monosaccharide derivative. It is functionally related to a trans-resveratrol.

Mudanpioside C is a natural product from Paeonia lactiflora Pall.

Paeonolide is a natural product from Paeonia lactiflora Pall.

Ophiopogonanone A has oxygen free radicals(OFRs) scavenging effects, it can scavenge hydroxyl radical(·OH) and hydrogen peroxide(H2O2) in vitro.

Methylophiopogonanone A has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties, it also has therapeutic potential against cerebral I/R injury through its ability to attenuate BBB disruption by regulating the expression of MMP-9 and tight junction proteins.

Odoriflavene has antioxidant activity, and it also shows inhibition effects on the decrease of glutathione level of rat lens induced by UV irradiation. Odoriflavene shows cytotoxic activity against a SH-SY5Y cell line in vitro.

Ganoderol B is a tetracyclic triterpenoid that is lanosta-7,9(11),24-triene which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 27. It has been isolated from several Ganoderma species. It has a role as an antiviral agent, a hepatoprotective agent and a fungal metabolite. It is a primary allylic alcohol, a tetracyclic triterpenoid and a 3beta-sterol. It derives from a hydride of a lanostane. Ganoderol B is a potent α-glucosidase and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, with an IC(50) of α-glucosidase is 119.8 uM. It may be useful in prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) therapy through suppressing the function of androgen and its receptor.

Rehmannioside D is a glycoside and an iridoid monoterpenoid.