Denudatine has effects on action potential of ventricular fibers and has inhibition on arrhythmogenic action of aconitine.

Epimagnolin B has anti-inflammatory activity, it can inhibit the production of NO and PGE(2) and the expression of respective enzyme iNOS and COX-2 through the suppression of I-kappaB-alpha degradation and nuclear translocation of p65 subunit of NF-kappaB. It also exhibits antiallergic effects without affecting the viability of bone marrow-derived mast cells.

Hispidulin has anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antiepileptic, neuroprotective, anti-osteoporotic and bone resorption attenuating effects, it targets the VEGF receptor 2-mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in endothelial cells, leading to the suppression of pancreatic tumor growth and angiogenesis. Hispidulin can ameliorate high glucose-mediated endothelial dysfunction via inhibiting PKCβII-associated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and NF-κB signaling, it has potential application in the prevention and treatment of diabetic vascular complications. Hispidulin can inhibit platelet aggregation by elevating cAMP levels by a mechanism different from that of theophylline or PGE1. Hispidulin is a monomethoxyflavone that is scutellarein methylated at position 6. It has a role as an antioxidant, an antineoplastic agent, an anticonvulsant, an anti-inflammatory agent, an apoptosis inducer and a plant metabolite. It is a monomethoxyflavone and a trihydroxyflavone. It is functionally related to a scutellarein.

Oleanonic acid is an orally administered triterpenoid with anti-inflammatory and insect resistant activities. Oleanonic acid can improve oxidative stress, autophagy deficiency, iron death, mitochondrial damage, and endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by amyloid - β precursor protein in vitro, and improve myocardial hypertrophy in rats in vivo.