Albiflorin is a monoterpene glycoside with formula C23H28O11, originally isolated from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora. It has a role as a neuroprotective agent and a plant metabolite. It is a beta-D-glucoside, a secondary alcohol, a bridged compound, a benzoate ester, a gamma-lactone and a monoterpene glycoside. Albiflorin has anti-inflammatory, and antidepressant-like effects. Albiflorin may reduce or prevent osteoblast degeneration in osteoporosis, and may promote the recovery of bone marrow hemopoietic function in a myelosuppressed mouse model, it has neuroprotective effect on primary hippocampal cells against β-amyloid induced toxicity. Albiflorin is a monoterpene glycoside with neuroprotective effects that can cross the blood-brain barrier. It also exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and analgesic properties.

Siaresinol is a triterpenoid.

Polygodial is an aldehyde.

Bufogenin is a steroid lactone of Chan su (toad venom), a Chinese medicine obtained from the skin venom gland of toads. A specific Na/K-ATPase protein inhibitor, it is used as a cardiotonic and central nervous system (CNS) respiratory agent, an analgesic and anesthetic, and as a remedy for ulcers. It has a role as an EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor. It is an epoxy steroid and a steroid lactone. It is functionally related to a bufanolide.

Poncirin has anticancer, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities; it prevents adipogenesis, enhances osteoblast differentiation in mesenchymal stem cellsincreased bone mineral density, and improves trabecular microarchitecture likely reflect increases bone formation and decreases bone resorption in GIO mice. Poncirin inhibits iNOS, COX-2, TNF-alpha and IL-6 expression via the down-regulation of NF-kappaB binding activity. (2S)-poncirin is a flavanone glycoside that is 4'-methoxy-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone attached to a neohesperidose (alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(12)-beta-D-glucopyranose) residue via a glycosidic linkage. It has been isolated from the fruits of Poncirus trifoliata and exhibits inhibitory activity against liopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced prostaglandin E2 and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production. It has a role as a plant metabolite.

Bisabololoxide A induces apoptosis in rat thymocytes.

Euphol, a novel cannabinoid agonist, it has anti-inflammatory action, it can prevent experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice, it also prevents inflammatory and neuropathic persistent pain in rodents. Euphol arrests breast cancer cells at the G1 phase through the modulation of cyclin D1, p21 and p27 expression.