Pinoresinol has antiinflammatory, hepatoprotective, and fungicidal activities, it can protect pial microcirculation from I-reperfusion injury, to increase nitric oxide release and to reduce oxidative stress preserving pial blood flow distribution; it may exert pharmacologically interesting effects via modulation of the insulin-like signalling pathway in C. elegans. Pinoresinol causes an upregulation of the CDK inhibitor p21(WAF1/Cip1) both at mRNA and protein levels, inhibits NF-kappaB and activating protein 1 (AP-1). (+)-pinoresinol is an enantiomer of pinoresinol having (+)-1S,3aR,4S,6aR-configuration. It has a role as a hypoglycemic agent, a plant metabolite and a phytoestrogen.

Isobavachromene is an inhibitor of NADH-Ubiquinone oxidoreductase and ornithine decarboxylase. Isobavachromene has antifungal activity.

Delphinidin-3-glucoside is an anthocyanidin glycoside.

Wedelolactone is a potent Î2-arrestin-biased G protein-coupled receptor-35 (GPR35) agonist, GPR35 has been shown to be a target of the asthma drugs cromolyn disodium and nedocromil sodium. Wedelolactone has anti-inflammatory, growth inhibitory, anti-cancer, anti-fibrotic, and pro-apoptotic effects. Wedelolactone stimulates ER genomic and non-genomic signalling pathways; it can significantly inhibit the activation of LX-2 cells, the underlying mechanisms of which included inducing Bcl-2 family involved apoptosis, up-regulating phosphorylated status of ERK and JNK expressions, and inhibiting NF-κB mediated activity. Wedelolactone is a member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan with hydroxy substituents as positions 1, 8 and 9 and a methoxy substituent at position 3. It has a role as a metabolite, an antineoplastic agent, an EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor, a hepatoprotective agent and an apoptosis inducer. It is a delta-lactone, a polyphenol, an aromatic ether and a member of coumestans. It is functionally related to a coumestan.

Beta-sitosterol 3-O-acetate is a steroid ester obtained by the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of beta-sitosterol with acetic acid. It has been isolated from the mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis. It has a role as a plant metabolite and a fungal metabolite. It is an acetate ester and a steroid ester. It is functionally related to a sitosterol. It derives from a hydride of a stigmastane.

Guggulsterone is a 3-hydroxy steroid. It has a role as an androgen.