Hispolon is a member of catechols.

Ganoderone A is a tetracyclic triterpenoid that is 5alpha-lanosta-8,24-diene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 26 and oxo groups at positions 3 and 7. Isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma pfeifferi, it exhibits against herpes simplex virus. It has a role as a metabolite and an anti-HSV-1 agent. It is a primary alcohol, a tetracyclic triterpenoid and a diketone. It derives from a hydride of a lanostane. Ganoderone A exhibits potent inhibitory activity against herpes simplex virus. Ganoderone A exhibits strong inhibitory activities against Vero cells (IC50 is 0.3 ug/mL); it also has inhibition against cancer cell lines K562, SW620, and HL60, the 50% inhibiting concentration( IC50) are 9. 61, 22. 38, 7. 14 mg/L, respectively.

Isoxanthohumol is a polyphenol with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiangiogenic properties, seems to regulate in vivo vascular proliferation and stabilization and the EC-VSMC-inflammatory crosstalk. Isoxanthohumol shows an antiviral activity towards herpes viruses (HSV1 and HSV2) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV).

Soyasapogenol C is a triterpenoid.

Trigonelline chloride, an alkaloid with potential antidiabetic activity, is present in considerable amounts in coffee. Trigonelline hydrochloride reduces diabetic auditory neuropathy by affecting β cell regeneration.

Octyl Gallate is an antioxidant approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a food additive. Octyl Gallate has anticancer, antimetastatic, antimicrobial, and antiviral activities, it shows an inhibitory effect on the growth of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in HEp-2 or Vero cells. Combination therapy with octyl gallate and ferulic acid improves cognition and neurodegeneration in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Octyl gallate is a gallate ester obtained by condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid with the hydroxy group of octanol. It has a role as a hypoglycemic agent, a plant metabolite and a food antioxidant.

N-methylnicotinate is an iminium betaine that is the conjugate base of N-methylnicotinic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. It has a role as a plant metabolite, a food component and a human urinary metabolite. It is an alkaloid and an iminium betaine. It is functionally related to a nicotinate. It is a conjugate base of a N-methylnicotinic acid. Trigonelline (1-methylpyridinium-3-carboxylate), an alkaloid present in coffee and fenugreek seed, exhibits phytoestrogenic, anti-adipogenesis, and anticancer activities, it also can reduce early glucose and insulin responses. Trigonelline has inhibition of the Nrf2 transcription factor and PPAR-γ.

L-lysine is an L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine. It has a role as a micronutrient, an anticonvulsant, a nutraceutical, a mouse metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, a plant metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite, a human metabolite and an algal metabolite. It is a L-alpha-amino acid, an aspartate family amino acid, a lysine and a proteinogenic amino acid. It is a conjugate base of a L-lysinium(1+). It is a conjugate acid of a L-lysinate. Lysine is an essential amino acid for the human body. L-lysine and L-glutamic acid and as useful building blocks for the preparation of bifunctional DTPA-like ligands.

Isoapetalic acid and apetalic acid exhibit cytotoxic activities towards both cancer cell lines(human breast cancer (MCF-7) and human lung carcinoma (A-549) cell lines) and both Gram-positive bacteria(two Gram-positive bacteria, S. aureus and B. subtilis and two Gram-negative bacteria, P. aeruginosa and E. coli.).

Oxyresveratrol , a dietary phenolic compound, has neuroprotective effect, as a potential nutritional candidate for protection against neurodegeneration in Parkinson disease; Oxyresveratrol has antioxidant activity, can reduce neuronal oxidative damage and protect hepatocytes against oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, which may be associated with activation of Nrf2, it also as an antibrowning agent for cloudy apple juices and fresh-cut apples. Oxyresveratrol exhibits a potent inhibitory effect on dopa oxidase activity of tyrosinase which catalyzes rate-limiting steps of melanin biosynthesis.Oxyresveratrol exhibits the inhibitory activity at the early and late phase of viral replication and inhibited the viral replication with pretreatment in one-step growth assay of HSV-1 and HSV-2.

Rupestonic acid derivatives have an anti-influenza virus activity, they inhibit IAV by up-regulating HO-1-mediated IFN response.

Isomangiferin is a member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthen-9-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7 and a 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol moiety at position 1. It has a role as an anti-HSV-1 agent and a plant metabolite. It is a C-glycosyl compound, a polyphenol and a member of xanthones. Isomangiferin has antioxidant and radical-scavenging activities; it also has antiviral effect, may due to its capability of inhibiting virus replication within cells.