Monocrotaline is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid.

Hypericin is a photosensitive antiviral with anticancer and antidepressant agent . It can inhibit tyrosine kinases with IC50 of 7.5 μM. It can induce both apoptosis and necrosis in a concentration and light dose-dependent fashion, and inhibit RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis via affecting ERK signalling in vitro and suppresses wear particle-induced osteolysis in vivo. Hypericin is a carbopolycyclic compound. It has a role as an antidepressant. It derives from a hydride of a bisanthene.

Praeruptorin E is a cardiotonic agent with selective cardiac calcium channel agonistic effect, it can relax swine coronary artery and decrease contractility in guinea-pig left atria. Praeruptorin E may be useful in the therapy of lung injury, it can protect mice from hydrochloric acid (HCl)-induced lung injury by inhibiting polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) influx, IL-6 release and protein exudation.

(+)-Praeruptorin A exerts distinct relaxant effects on isolated rat aorta rings, which may be mainly attributed to nitric oxide synthesis catalyzed by endothelial nitric oxide synthase.

Scoparone is a phytoalexin with antifungal,anticoagulant, antianginal, hypolipidemic, vasorelaxant, immunosuppression, hepatoprotective,anti-allergic,antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory actions, it is used for the traditional treatment of neonatal jaundice. It inhibited the activities of PPARγ, STAT3, NADPH-oxidase 1, and the expression of ERK,NF-kB, JNK,PI3K. It augmented the expression of SOD1 and CAT. Scoparone is a member of the class of coumarins that is esculetin in which the two hydroxy groups at positions 6 and 7 are replaced by methoxy groups. It is a major constituent of the Chinese herbal medicine Yin Chen Hao, and exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and anti-tumor activities.

3',5-dihydroxy-3,4',7-trimethoxyflavone is a trimethoxyflavone that is quercetin in which the hydroxy groups at positions 3, 4' and 7 have been replaced by methoxy groups. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a trimethoxyflavone and a dihydroxyflavone. It is functionally related to a quercetin. It is a conjugate acid of a 3',5-dihydroxy-3,4',7-trimethoxyflavone(1-). Ayanin has vasorelaxant activity, it also may have the potential for use in treating allergic asthma.The IC(50) value of Ayanin (quercetin-3,7,4'-O-trimethylether) is 2.2microM for inhibiting interleukin (IL)-4 production from purified basophils.

Cyclovirobuxine D(CVB-D) has vasorelaxant effect, it has been widely used for treatment of cardiac insufficiency and arrhythmias in China, the antiarrhythmic and proarrhythmic potential of this drug might be concerned with prolongation of action potential duration and QT interval. CVB-D can induce autophagy in the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line by attenuating the phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR , CVB-D-induced autophagy and decrease in cell viability could be blocked by 3-methyladenine, a well-established autophagy inhibitor.

Monocrotaline N-oxide is an adequate precursor for the production of the courtship pheromone hydroxydanaidal, it is a phagostimulant for larvae and it stimulates the growth and development of adult male androconial organs called coremata.Monocrotaline N-oxide fed to larvae also affects the courtship behavior of adult males.

Larixyl acetate exhibits analgesic and anti-inflammatory action in neuropathic pain, the action involves the suppression of TRPC6 and p38 signaling in the microglia.

Ilexsaponin B2 is a cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, it is active against PDEI and PDE5A dose-dependently in vitro.

Norswertianolin is a beta-D-glucoside that is bellidin in which a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue is attached at position O-8. A natural product found particularly in Gentiana campestris and Gentiana germanica. It has a role as a metabolite and an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor. It is a beta-D-glucoside and a member of xanthones. It is functionally related to a bellidin. Norswertianolin acts as a CSE activator and is isolated from G. acuta. Norswertianolin may be a potential agent for cardiovascular diseases.