Skin brightening refers to dermatological and cosmetic procedures or products aimed at reducing hyperpigmentation and achieving a more uniform, radiant complexion. This process typically involves inhibiting melanin production, accelerating cell turnover, or exfoliating superficial skin layers. Common conditions addressed include melasma, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, sun spots, and uneven skin tone. Treatments may include topical agents (e.g., hydroquinone, retinoids, vitamin C), chemical peels, laser therapy, and intense pulsed light (IPL). Medical supervision is crucial to ensure safety and efficacy.