1,6,6-trimethyl-8,9-dihydro-7H-naphtho[1,2-g]benzofuran-10,11-dione is an abietane diterpenoid.

Corylifol A is a naturally occurring potent inhibitor of hCE2 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1); it could be the potential uncouplers of neuronal nitric oxide synthase-postsynaptic density protein-95. Corylifol A displays cytotoxic activity against HepG2 and Hep3B hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines, with IC50 values of 4.6 and 13.5 ug/ml, respectively. Corylifol A has antiinflammatory activity, it shows an inhibitory effect on IL-6-induced STAT3 promoter activity in Hep3B cells with IC50 values of 0.81 ± 0.15 uΜ, it also inhibits STAT3 phosphorylation induced by IL-6 in Hep3B cells.

Alpha-amyrin is a pentacyclic triterpenoid that is ursane which contains a double bond between positions 12 and 13 and in which the hydrogen at the 3beta position is substituted by a hydroxy group. It is a pentacyclic triterpenoid and a secondary alcohol. It derives from a hydride of an ursane. Alpha-Amyrin is trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitor,it has antineoplastic,it induces proliferation of human keratinocytes.Alpha-Amyrin can as a hepatomodulatory potent to feasibility for a promising liver curative drug.

Irisolidone is a potent volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC) current inhibitor, it exhibits high efficacy for VRAC blockade with IC50s of 5-13 uM. Irisolidone shows anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet aggregation, hepatoprotective, and α-amylase inhibitory activities, it may attenuate ethanol-induced gastritis by inhibiting the infiltration of immune cells, particularly neutrophils, through the regulation of CXCL-4 or IL-8 secretion. Irisolidone shows potent inhibitory activity against Helicobacter pylori. Irisolidone also shows antiproliferative activity against amelanotic melanoma cells.

Trachelogenin has antiproliferative effect, the mechanism is related to affect the phosphorylation of key proteins such as β-Catenin, c-Myc and GSK3 in the β-Catenin signaling pathway in a concentration-dependent manner.

Notoginsenoside S may have hepatoprotective effects.

7-O-Methylmangiferin is a natural product from Polygala tenuifolia.

Amarogentin incorporated in liposomes or niosomes may have clinical application in the treatment of leishmaniasis. It plays cemopreventive/therapeutic role during liver carcinogenesis through modulation of cell cycle and apoptosis. Amarogentin may offer therapeutic potential for preventing or treating thromboembolic disorders, it prevents platelet activation through the inhibition of PLC γ2-PKC cascade and MAPK pathway. Amarogentin is a secoiridoid glycoside that consists of (4aS,5R,6R)-5-ethenyl-6-hydroxy-4,4a,5,6-tetrahydro-1H,3H-pyrano[3,4-c]pyran-1-one having a 2-O-[(3,3',5-trihydroxybiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl group attached at position 6 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as a metabolite and an EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor. It is a secoiridoid glycoside and a monosaccharide derivative.

Salvianolic acid E is a natural product from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.

Salvianolic acid C has antioxidant effect, it exhibits potent XOD inhibitory activity with an IC(50) of 9.07 μM. Salvianolic acid C enhances the inhibitory effects on sEH might be efficient ways to improve its cardiovascular protective and anti-inflammatory effects.

Asperulosidic acid has been recently used in chinese medicine as a useful drug against some tumors. It has anticlastogenic activity, since the anticlastogenic irridoids have an alpha-unsaturated carbonyl group, this structure is considered to play an important role in the anticlastogenicity. Asperulosidic acid can inhibit the seed germination and growth of seedlings of large crabgrass. Asperulosidic acid, and 6-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-1-O-octanoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose are effective in suppressing 12-O-tedtradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)- or epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced cell transformation and associated AP-1 activity. Asperulosidic acid is a glycoside and an iridoid monoterpenoid.

Ginsenoside Re is a major ginsenoside in ginseng and belongs to 20(S)-protopanaxatriol group. It has diverse in vitro and in vivo effects, including anti-diabetic, vasorelaxant, antihyperlipidemic, anti-ischemic, angiogenic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammation actions. It also exhibits potent neuroprotective effects against neuroinflammation in a murine model of ALS. Re increases HCAEC outward current via SKCa channel activation; it also increases the proliferation of CD4+ T cells with decreases cell death, and enhances viability of CD4+T cells through the regulation of IFN-γ-dependent autophagy activity. Ginsenoside Re is a ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 6alpha, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy groups at positions 6 and 20 have been converted to the corresponding alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(12)-beta-D-glucopyranoside and beta-D-glucopyranoside respectively, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.

Ginsenoside Rb1 is a protopanaxadiol that has diverse in vitro and in vivo effects, including neuroprotective, cardioprotective, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative actions. Ginsenoside Rb1 can up-regulate the expression of GLUTs in adipose tissue, in addition to activate insulin signalling pathway, and may effectively ameliorate the progression of asthma through Relegating Th1/Th2. It inhibited Na+, K+-ATPase activity with an IC50 of 6.3±1.0 μM, activated Akt, phosphorylating GSK-3β and inhibited mPTP opening. Ginsenoside Rb1 is a ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus var. major that is ginsenoside Rd in which the beta-D-glucopyranoside group at position 20 is replaced by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside group. It has a role as an anti-inflammatory drug, a radical scavenger, a neuroprotective agent, an apoptosis inhibitor, an anti-obesity agent and a plant metabolite. It is a glycoside, a tetracyclic triterpenoid and a ginsenoside.

Gomisin D is a natural product from Schizandra chinensis.