Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength predisposing to an increased risk of fracture. It results from a reduction in bone mineral density and deterioration of bone microarchitecture. This silent disease often progresses without symptoms until a fracture occurs, commonly in the hip, spine, or wrist. Risk factors include age, genetics, hormonal changes, certain medications, and lifestyle choices. Diagnosis involves bone density measurement (DEXA scan).