Continentalic acid and kaurenoic acid are quality control markers in Aralia continentalis. Continentalic acid has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-bacterial activities, it shows moderate cytotoxicity against A-549 (lung), THP-1 (leukemia) and MCF-7 (breast) cell lines; it has minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of approximately 8-16 microg/mL against S. aureus, including the MSSA and MRSA standard strains.

Oleuropein aglycone is a secoiridoid that is the methyl ester of 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 4 by hydroxy, ethylidene, and carboxymethyl groups, respectively and in which the carboxylic acid moiety of the carboxymethyl substituent has been converted to the corresponding 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl ester (the 2R,3E,4S stereoisomer). The most important phenolic compound present in olive cultivars. Oleuropein exhibits anti-ischemic, antioxidative, hypolipidemic, in vitro antimycoplasmal , anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects., it also may be helpful in the prevention of diabetic complications associated with oxidative stress. Oleuropein prevents oxidative myocardial injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion, and reduces viremia in duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV)-infected ducks. Oleuropein reduces TLR and MAPK signaling.

1. Cratoxylone exhibits potent activity in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-resistant strain W2, with the IC₅₀ value belows 3 uM.

Veraguensin shows activity against trypomastigote T. cruzi., it shows high antileishmanial activity. Veraguensin and galgravin can inhibit bone resorption and may offer novel compounds for the development of drugs to treat bone-destructive diseases such as osteoporosis. Veraguensin is a lignan. It has a role as a metabolite.

Forsythoside E is a glycoside.

Lindleyin is a novel phytoestrogen and might trigger many of the biological responses evoked by the physiological estrogens.

5,7,3'-Trihydroxy-6,4',5'-trimethoxyflavone is an ether and a member of flavonoids.

Decursin has antiepileptic, hepatoprotective, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-amnesic activities, it is a novel candidate for inhibition of VEGF-induced angiogenesis. Decursin inhibited the TGF-β1 induced NOX activation and Smad signaling, it inhibited the PKCα, MAPK and NF-κB pathways. Decursin is also a novel inhibitor of NF-kappaB activation in signaling induced by TLR ligands and cytokines.

Poriol is a member of flavanones.

Guaiazulene has antioxidant activity, it shows significant protection against paracetamol-induced GSH depletion and hepatic damage. Guaiazulene shows cytotoxic activity on gingival fibroblasts, it has anti-proliferative activity suppressing the proliferation of neuron and N2a-NB cells at high doses. Guaiazulene has in vitro antimicrobial activity against Mycoplasma hominis clinical isolates. Guaiazulene is a sesquiterpene. It derives from a hydride of a guaiane.

Negletein is an ether and a member of flavonoids.

Hibifolin can act as a potential inhibitor of ADA, it protects neurons against A beta-induced apoptosis and stimulates Akt activation, which would be useful in developing potential drugs or food supplements for treating AD. Hibifolin behaves as a dual inhibitor of PGE2 and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) formation in peritoneal exudates, thus it shows anti-inflammatory activity.