Anisodamine, an anticholinergic drug, has antishock effect, which is intimately linked to alpha7nAChR-dependent anti-inflammatory pathway. Anisodamine demonstrates a direct cardiac depressive action at the myocyte level, which may be related to, at least in part, NO production and cholinoceptor antagonism, it causes the changes of structure and function in the transmembrane domain of the Ca(2+)-ATPase from sarcoplasmic reticulum. Anisodamine, a vasoactive drug, can abate endogenous endotoxaemia subsequent to splanchnic vasoconstriction due to hypovolaemia, it alleviates inflammatory damage by significantly reducing the expressions of VEGF and ICAM-1, and shows significant protective effects in an animal model of infusion phlebitis. Anisodamine also inhibits shiga toxin type 2-mediated tumor necrosis factor-alpha production in vitro and in vivo. Scopolamine is a non subtype selective muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. Scopolamine is used in traditional Chinese medicine research for various diseases, mainly for improving microcirculation in shock state, and can also be used for organophosphate poisoning.

Pregnenolone is a 20-oxo steroid that is pregn-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 20. It has a role as a mouse metabolite and a human metabolite. It is a 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid, a 20-oxo steroid and a C21-steroid. It derives from a hydride of a pregnane. Pregnenolone is an endogenous steroid hormone for inhibition of M1 receptor and M3 receptor-mediated currents with IC50 of 11.4 μM and 6.0 μM, respectively. Pregnenolone has memory-enhancing effects, used in the treatment of fatigue, Alzheimer’s disease, trauma and injuries.

Arecoline hydrobromide is an organic molecular entity. It has a role as a toxin and a carcinogenic agent. Arecoline hydrobromide is formerly used as a cholinergic agent, it is a hypotensive agent. Arecoline hydrobromide is purgative, vermifuge and taenifuge agents in veterinary medicine. It induces rat hepatic CYP2 B by promoting nuclear translocation of CAR, the regulation of it on rat hepatic CYP2 B largely involve transcriptional activation of the gene,partially involve the post-translational modification of CYP2 B protein. Arecoline hydrobromide， A natural alkaloid that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier and has oral activity, and is a partial agonist of nicotine and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Arecoline hydrobromide has stimulating, alert, anti anxiety, and anti parasitic effects. Arecoline hydrobromide can also induce oxidative stress.

Berberine has neuroprotective, antidepressant, antineoplastic, and anti- fibrosis activities; it is a potent oral hypoglycemic agent with beneficial effects on lipid metabolism, it may as a broad-spectrum anti-microbial medicine, a complementary therapeutic agent for HIV/AIDS; it also may be one of the targeted therapeutic agents that can restore barrier function in intestinal disease states.Berberine is used in histology for staining heparin in mast cells. As a natural dye, berberine has a colour index of 75160. Berberine is a berberine alkaloid, an organic heteropentacyclic compound, an alkaloid antibiotic and a botanical anti-fungal agent. It has a role as a geroprotector, an antioxidant, a metabolite, a hypoglycemic agent, an EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor, an antineoplastic agent, an antilipemic drug, an EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor, an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor, an EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor, an EC 3.1.1.

Berbamine is a novel inhibitor of bcr/abl fusion gene with potent anti-leukemia activity and also an inhibitor of NF-κB. Berbamine may be the first ATP-competitive inhibitor of CaMKII γ, could be as a new type of molecular targeted agent through inhibition of the CaMKII γ activity for treatment of leukemia.Berbamine confers cardioprotection against I/R injury by attenuating [Ca(2+)inf(i) overloading and preventing calpain activation through the activation of the PI3K-Akt-GSK3β pathway and, subsequently, opening of the mitoK(ATP) channel. Berbamine is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid and a member of isoquinolines.

Veratramine exhibits cytotoxic activity against human tumor cell lines A549, PANC-1, SW1990 and NCI-H249. Veratramine shows hypotensive effect, the effect is directly positively correlated with the dosage. Veratramine is a piperidine alkaloid comprising the 14,15,16,17-tetradehydro derivative of veratraman having two hydroxy groups at the 3- and 23-positions. It derives from a hydride of a veratraman.

Scopolamine hydrobromide is a non subtype selective antagonist of muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic receptors. Scopolamine hydrobromide has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

Mosloflavone is an ether and a member of flavonoids. Mosloflavone is an antifungal and radical scavenging 2-hydroxyflavanone, it possesses strong anti-EV71 activity and decreased the formation of visible cytopathic effects, it also inhibits virus replication during the initial stage of virus infection, and inhibits viral VP2 protein expression, thereby inhibiting viral capsid protein synthesis. Mosloflavone shows promising anti-inflammatory activity via inhibition of TNF-α and IL-1β with IC50 values of 16.4 uM and 6.4 uM, respectively; it shows dose-dependent inhibition of TNF-α, IL-1β and iNOS levels in the supernatant of mouse macrophage cell line J774A, it also can be used as a starting point to discover lead structures for treatment of inflammatory and immunomodulatory diseases. Mosloflavone extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi has anti EV71 activity. Mosloflavone inhibits VP2 virus replication and protein expression during the initial stage of viral infection, as well as suppresses virus VP2 capsid protein synthesis. Mosloflavone is a promising fungicide that can inhibit the virulence and biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Acetylcorynoline is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid. Acetylcorynoline has anti-inflammatory properties, it also has potential to improve parkinson's disease, it may exert its effects by decreasing egl-1 expression to suppress apoptosis pathways and by increasing rpn5 expression to enhance the activity of proteasomes. Acetylcorynoline may be one of the potent immunosuppressive agents through the blockage of dendritic cells maturation and function. It has protective action against experimental liver injury in mice. Acetylcorynoline is a major alkaloid extracted from Corydalis bungeana, which has anti-inflammatory effects.