Sulforaphane is a cruciferous vegetable-derived isothiocyanate with promising antitumor, chemopreventive and therapeutic activities, it inhibits TPA-induced NF-κB activation and COX-2 expression in MCF-10A cells by blocking two distinct signaling pathways mediated by ERK1/2-IKKα and NAK-IKKβ. Sulforaphane may exert a significant neuroprotective effect on cholinergic deficit and cognitive impairment, it also has anti-inflammatory effect, at least ,in part,associated with interfering with the NF-κB pathway. (R)-sulforaphane is a sulforaphane in which the sulfinyl group has R configuration. Naturally occurring compound found in brocolli that acts as a potent inducer of phase II detoxification enzymes. It is an enantiomer of a (S)-sulforaphane.

Pomiferin is a natural product inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase I and II isoenzymes. It has anticancer, antibacterial and antidiabetic properties. Pomiferin has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities, it is effective in enhancing the activity of NSAID activated gene (NAG-1) at 2.5 pg/mL (1.5-1.8 fold increase) and inhibiting iNOS and NF-κB activity with IC50 values in the range of 6-13 ug/mL. Pomiferin has protection on kidney ischaemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Cirsimarin shows antioxidant activity; it also exerts potent antilipogenic effect and decreases adipose tissue deposition in mice, it could therefore be a potential candidate for the treatment of obesity. Cirsimarin is a glycoside and a member of flavonoids.

Thermopsine exhibits antibacterial activity.

2-methylvaleric acid is a methyl-branched fatty acid that is pentanoic acid which carries a methyl group at position 2. It has a role as a flavouring agent, a fragrance and a plant metabolite. It is a monocarboxylic acid, a short-chain fatty acid, a branched-chain saturated fatty acid and a methyl-branched fatty acid. It is a conjugate acid of a 2-methylvalerate.

Licraside（licuraside） has potency and ability to inhibit mushroom tyrosinase monophenolase activity with an IC(50) value of 0.072 mM. Licraside（Licurazid） has anticancer properties.

Sophoricoside has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-bone loss, and immunosuppressive effects. Sophoricoside is an effective regulator of lipogenesis and glucose consumption and may find utility in the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Sophoricoside exposure reduced the number of implanted embryos in a dose-dependent manner and failed the embryo implantation through altering the morphology of uterine and compromising the endometrial receptivity. Sophoricoside is an acrovestone and an isoflavonoid.

Neoliquiritin is a glycoside and a member of flavonoids.