Inulicin is a terpene lactone.

Hyoscyamine is an AChR inhibitor with IC50 of 7.5 nM, it is widely used in medicine due to its anticholinergic activity. Hyoscyamine could be used to reduce abdominal discomfort and colonic spasm during a barium enema. (S)-atropine is an atropine with a 2S-configuration. It is functionally related to a (S)-tropic acid. It is a conjugate base of a (S)-atropinium.

Eurycomanone has anti-cancer activity, it is cytotoxic on HepG2 cells by inducing apoptosis through the up-regulation of p53 and Bax, and down-regulation of Bcl-2.

Sagittatoside A selectively activates estrogen response element (ERE)-luciferase activity via ERα, and sagittatoside A and icariin induces ERα phosphorylation at serine 118 residue. Sagittatoside A is a glycoside and a member of flavonoids.

Theophylline is a dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 1 and 3. It is structurally similar to caffeine and is found in green and black tea. It has a role as a bronchodilator agent, a vasodilator agent, a drug metabolite, an anti-asthmatic drug, an EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor, an immunomodulator, a muscle relaxant, an anti-inflammatory agent, an adenosine receptor antagonist, a fungal metabolite and a human blood serum metabolite. Theophylline is a competitive nonselective phosphodiesterase inhibitor and nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist, which is the most widely used anti-asthma drug worldwide and is classified as a bronchodilator. It has antiinflammatory, and immunomodulatory actions, it also can antagonize flurazepam-induced depression of cerebral cortical neurons.

Tectoruside is a natural product from Iris tectorum.

Atherosperminine shows cholinesterase inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Atherosperminine shows strong anti-plasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum, with the IC50 value of 5.80 uM, it also shows antioxidant activity in a DPPH assay with the IC50 value of 54.53 ug/mL. Atherosperminine exerts a non-specific relaxant effect on the trachealis, its major mechanism of action appears to be inhibition of cAMP phosphodiesterase.

1,4-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid is a quinic acid.

Columbamine exerts anti-proliferative and anti-vasculogenic effects on metastatic human osteosarcoma U2OS cells with low toxicity. It shows strong acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity with IC50 48.1 μM. Columbamine is a berberine alkaloid and an organic heterotetracyclic compound.

2'-O-methylisoliquiritigenin is a member of the class of chalcones that is isoliquiritigenin in which one of the hydroxy groups at position 2' is replaced by a methoxy group. It has a role as a metabolite. It is a member of chalcones, a monomethoxybenzene and a member of phenols. It is functionally related to an isoliquiritigenin.

Theobromine is a dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 3 and 7. A purine alkaloid derived from the cacao plant, it is found in chocolate, as well as in a number of other foods, and is a vasodilator, diuretic and heart stimulator. It has a role as a bronchodilator agent, a vasodilator agent, an adenosine receptor antagonist, a mouse metabolite, a plant metabolite, a food component and a human blood serum metabolite. Theobromine is a xanthine alkaloid widely consumed as stimulants and snacks in coffee and cocoa based foods, it may form the basis for a new class of antitussive drugs. Theobromine has antioxidants and also capable of prooxidant action, it may have therapeutic potential for diabetic nephropathy, by reducing kidney ECM accumulation in diabetic. It can inhibit adenosine receptor A1 (AR1) signaling.