Rubrosterone is an insect-molting C19-steroid.

Betaine hydrochloride is a natural compound found in many foods and also an active methyl-donor which can maintain normal DNA methylation patterns, which has anti-hypoxic, hepatoprotective, sedative, antipyretic and analgesic effects. Betaine hydrochloride can increase the secreting of thyroxine (T3) and insulin and regulate the metabolism of organism by the hormones, thus it prompts fish growth and also improves intestine figuration.

Saikosaponin B1 may be as anti-schizophrenic candidate drugs, it can suppress the signal transduction after binding of EGF.

Cyclopamine is a Hedgehog (Hh) pathway antagonist with an IC50 of 46 nM in the Hh cell assay, it can increase levels of p27, and decreases both expression of IGF-II and activation of Akt in PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Cyclopamine as a novel, potent inhibitor of human breast cancer proliferation and estrogen responsiveness that could potentially be developed into a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of breast cancer. Cyclopamine also can suppress the growth of leukemia and lymphoma cells. Cyclopamine is a member of piperidines. It has a role as a glioma-associated oncogene inhibitor.

Salidroside is a prolyl endopeptidase inhibitor, which has cardioprotective, antidiabetic,antidepressant, anxiolytic, anti-tumor, and antioxidant actions. Salidroside alleviates cachexia symptoms in mouse models of cancer cachexia via activating mTOR signalling. It alleviates the pulmonary symptoms of paraquat-induced acute lung injury, at least partially, by repressing inflammatory cell infiltration and the expression of TGF-β1 resulting in delayed lung fibrosis; and it has protective effect against hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes necrosis and apoptosis by increasing HIF-1α expression and subsequently up-regulating VEGF levels. It may be a potential therapeutic agent for treating or preventing neurodegenerative diseases implicated with oxidative stress.

25S-Inokosterone and 25R-inokosterone exhibit potent inhibition (80-95% at ) against TNF-expression levels in A23187 plus phorbol-myrisrate acetate-induced RBL-2H3 cells, they have excellent anti-atopy activity, thus they could be used to a large range of functional anti-atopy cosmetics.

Jervine exhibits cytotoxic activity against human tumor cell lines A549, PANC-1, SW1990 and NCI-H249, it induces COX-2 overexpression in human erythroleukemia cells. Jervine exhibits potent toxic effects against Colorado potato beetle.

Gymnemic acid I is a protein biosynthesis inhibitor, it as antisweet principles.

25S-Inokosterone and 25R-inokosterone exhibit potent inhibition (80-95% at ) against TNF-expression levels in A23187 plus phorbol-myrisrate acetate-induced RBL-2H3 cells, they have excellent anti-atopy activity, thus they could be used to a large range of functional anti-atopy cosmetics. Inokosterone is a phytoecdysteroid, a 3beta-hydroxy steroid, a 26-hydroxy steroid, a 20-hydroxy steroid, a 2beta-hydroxy steroid, a 14alpha-hydroxy steroid, a 22-hydroxy steroid and a 6-oxo steroid.