Lycorine is a toxic crystalline alkaloid found in various Amaryllidaceae species that weakly inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and ascorbic acid biosynthesis.Lycorine has antiviral, and anti-cancer effects, the mechanisms of Lycorine on the multiple myeloma cell line ARH-77 are associated with G1 phase cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, ATP depletion, and DNA damage.

Artesunate is an artemisinin derivative that is the hemisuccinate ester of the lactol resulting from the reduction of the lactone carbonyl group of artemisinin. It is used, generally as the sodium salt, for the treatment of malaria. It has a role as a ferroptosis inducer, an antineoplastic agent and an antimalarial. It is a hemisuccinate, a sesquiterpenoid, a dicarboxylic acid monoester, a cyclic acetal, an artemisinin derivative and a semisynthetic derivative. Artesunate is a part of the artemisinin group of agents with an IC50 of < 5 μM for small cell lung carcinoma cell line H69. It is a potential inhibitor of STAT-3 and exhibits selective cytotoxicity of cancer cells over normal cells in vitro; A potent inhibitor of EXP1.Artesunate has anti-inflammatory activity, can prevent neuroinflammation in BV2 microglia by interfering with NF-κB and p38 MAPK signalling. Artesunate is an inhibitor of STAT-3 and export protein 1 (EXP1).

Dehydroeburicoic acid induces necrotic cell death that involves Ca(2+) overload, mitochondrial dysfunction, and calpain activation in human glioblastomas. Dehydroeburicoic acid and Eburicoic acid have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities by the decrease of inflammatory cytokines and an increase of antioxidant enzyme activity, can protect the liver from CCl4-induced hepatic damage.

Celosin H, celosin I, celosin J could be used as chemical markers for the quality control of C. argentea seeds.

Salvianolic acid B is a member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is an antioxidant and free radical scavenging compound extracted from S. miltiorrhiza. It has a role as an antioxidant, an antidepressant, a hypoglycemic agent, an antineoplastic agent, a hepatoprotective agent, an osteogenesis regulator, a neuroprotective agent, an anti-inflammatory agent, an apoptosis inducer, a plant metabolite, a cardioprotective agent and an autophagy inhibitor. Salvianolic acid B is a bioactive compound isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Danshen, which is used for treating neoplastic and chronic inflammatory diseases in China, it shows a protective action against the ischemia-reperfusion induced injury in rat brain. It inhibited the expression of COX,ERK,TNF-α, NO.