Camelliaside A is a natural product from Camellia oleifera Abel.

Trans-5-O-caffeoyl-D-quinic acid is a cinnamate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of trans-caffeic acid with the 5-hydroxy group of quinic acid. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a cinnamate ester and a cyclitol carboxylic acid. It is functionally related to a trans-caffeic acid and a (-)-quinic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a trans-5-O-caffeoyl-D-quinate. Neochlorogenic acid shows antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, and antipyretic activities and exerts neuroprotective effects through the inhibition of pro-inflammatory pathways in activated microglia. Neochlorogenic acid is a natural polyphenolic compound found in dried fruits and other plants. Neochlorogenic acid inhibits the production of TNF - α and IL-1 β. Neochlorogenic acid inhibits the expression of iNOS and COX-2 proteins. Neochlorogenic acid also inhibits the activation of phosphorylated NF - κ B p65 and p38 MAPK.

Eleutheroside E is a glycoside and a lignan.

Pectolinarigenin possesses anti-inflammatory, antiallergic and hepatoprotective activities.It is a dual inhibitor of COX-2/5-LOX,and the IC50 >1 microM; it also can increase activity levels of GSH, GR, GCS, and GST, as well as SOD. Pectolinarigenin is a dimethoxyflavone that is the 6,4'-dimethyl ether derivative of scutellarein. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a dimethoxyflavone and a dihydroxyflavone. It is functionally related to a scutellarein.

(+)-Pteryxin has muscle-relaxant props, it also shows hepatoprotective and nitric oxide prodn. inhibitory activity.

Shanzhiside has immunosuppressive activity, it shows significant inhibition of IL-2 secretion by phorbol myristate acetate and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody co-stimulated activation of human peripheral blood T cells.

Costunolide has antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-carcinogenic and anti-fungal activities, it possesses normo-glycemic and hypolipidemic activity. Costunolide inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation by suppressing RANKL-mediated c-Fos transcriptional activity; it inhibits IL-1beta gene expression by blocking the activation of MAPKs and DNA binding of AP-1; it also induces the ROS-mediated mitochondrial permeability transition and resultant cytochrome c release,. Costunolide is a germacranolide with anthelminthic, antiparasitic and antiviral activities. It has a role as a metabolite, an antiinfective agent, an antiparasitic agent, an anthelminthic drug, an antineoplastic agent and an antiviral drug. It is a heterobicyclic compound and a germacranolide.

Swertianolin is a xanthone that is bellidifolin in which a beta-Dglucopyranosyl residue is attached at position O-8 via a glycosidic linkage. It is isolated particularly from Gentiana campestris and Gentiana germanica. It has a role as an antioxidant, an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor and a plant metabolite. It is a beta-D-glucoside, an aromatic ether, a monosaccharide derivative and a xanthone glycoside. It is functionally related to a bellidifolin. Swertianolin shows anti-acetylcholinesterase activity effects, it shows significant hepatoprotective effect in the liver damage model induced by alpha-naphthylisot hiocyanate. Swertianolin can scavenge superoxide and hydroxyl radicals with the studying method of the autoxidation of Pyrogallol and afenton.

Asperulosidic acid has been recently used in chinese medicine as a useful drug against some tumors. It has anticlastogenic activity, since the anticlastogenic irridoids have an alpha-unsaturated carbonyl group, this structure is considered to play an important role in the anticlastogenicity. Asperulosidic acid can inhibit the seed germination and growth of seedlings of large crabgrass. Asperulosidic acid, and 6-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-1-O-octanoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose are effective in suppressing 12-O-tedtradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)- or epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced cell transformation and associated AP-1 activity. Asperulosidic acid is a glycoside and an iridoid monoterpenoid.

Hederacoside C is one of the active ingredients in Hedera helix leaf extract (Ivy Ex.) and AG NPP709, a new botanical drug to treat acute respiratory infection and chronic inflammatory bronchitis. Hederacoside C has antispasmodic activity. Hederacoside C is a potent competitive inhibitor for serine protease porcine pancreatic elastase, shows comparable IC 50 value is 40.6 uM; it also non-competitively inhibits hyaluronidase activity in a dose- dependent fashion, shows comparable IC 50 value is 280.4 uM. Kalopanaxsaponin B is a triterpenoid saponin with hederagenin as the aglycone part. It has been isolated from the stem bark of Kalopanax pictus. It has a role as an anti-inflammatory agent and a plant metabolite. It is a pentacyclic triterpenoid, a carboxylic ester and a triterpenoid saponin. It is functionally related to a hederagenin.

Salviaflaside has antioxidant activity.

Angelicin is a furanocoumarin. Angelicin has anti-cancer, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activities;it regulates LPS-induced inflammation via inhibiting MAPK/NF-κB pathways. Angelicin is a powerful inducer of erythroid differentiation and -globin mRNA accumulation of human leukemia K562 cells, it is a potential therapeutic approach in hematological disorders, including -beta-thalassemia and sickle cell anemia. ngelicin is a type of furan coumarin NF - κ B and MAPK signaling inhibitor with anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and anti-tumor activities. Angelicin can inhibit the lysis and replication of gamma herpesvirus (such as MHV-68), act in the early stages of viral infection, and may inhibit RTA gene expression (IC50=28.95 μ M). Angelicin also alleviates inflammatory responses by inhibiting NF - κ B phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, as well as inhibiting p38 and JNK phosphorylation. Angelicin downregulates anti apoptotic proteins (such as Bcl-2, Bcl xL, and Mcl-1) and activates caspase-9 and caspase-3 to induce apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells.

(-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate is a gallate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of epicatechin. A natural product found in Parapiptadenia rigida. It has a role as a metabolite, an EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor and an EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor. It is a catechin, a polyphenol and a gallate ester. It is functionally related to a gallic acid and a (-)-epicatechin. (-)-Epicatechin gallate can effectively stimulates osteoblast differentiation, it has antioxidative effect against lipid peroxidation when phospholipid bilayers are exposed to aqueous oxygen radicals.

Inulicin is a terpene lactone.

Bruceine A has antibabesial activity, it can inhibit the in vitro growth of Babesia gibsoni in canine erythrocytes at lower concentration and kill the parasites within 24 hr at a concentration of 25 nM; it show strong antitrypanosomal activities with IC(50) values in the range of 2.9-17.8nM. Bruceine A has anthelmintic activity, it exhibits significant activity against Dactylogyrus intermedius with EC(50) values of 0.49 mg/L. Bruceine A exhibits NF-κB p65 inhibition, and cytotoxic potential against HT-29, HeLa, and HL-60 cells .

Ophiopogonin D plays a protective role as an effective antioxidant in H2O2-induced endothelial injury, it can attenuate doxorubicin-induced autophagic cell death by relieving mitochondrial damage in vitro and in vivo, it can be therefore developed as a novel drug for the therapy of cardiovascular disorders. Ophiopogonin D and spicatoside A can increase mucin production and secretion, by directly acting on airway epithelial cells, they could be as expectorants in diverse inflammatory pulmonary diseases. Ophiopogonin D inhibits MCF-7 cell growth via the induction of cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase.

Mulberroside A, the major active anti-tyrosinase compound in the root bark extract of Morus alba L. (Moraceae), is widely employed as an active ingredient in whitening cosmetics. Mulberroside A has neuroprotective, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, uricosuric, nephroprotective, hypoglycemic, and antidiabetic effects.It also can protect mice against ethanol-induced hepatic damage. Cis-Mulberroside A is a glycoside and a stilbenoid.