Aconine is a diterpene alkaloid with formula C25H41NO9 that is isolated from several Aconitum species. It has a role as a xenobiotic, a NF-kappaB inhibitor, a plant metabolite and a human urinary metabolite. It is a diterpene alkaloid, a tertiary alcohol, a secondary alcohol, a bridged compound, a pentol, an organic heteropolycyclic compound, a polyether and a tertiary amino compound. It derives from a hydride of an aconitane. Aconine can inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in RAW264.7 cells by suppressing NF-κB and NFATc1 activation and DC-STAMP expression. Aconine can attenuate hepatic fat degeneration of rats with fatty liver induced by high-fat diet through decreasing TG,TC deposit in liver. Aconine inhibits NF - κ B activation induced by ligands of nuclear factor kappa B receptor activators.

Benzoic acid is a compound comprising a benzene ring core carrying a carboxylic acid substituent. It has a role as an EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor, an EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor, an antimicrobial food preservative, a plant metabolite, a human xenobiotic metabolite, an algal metabolite and a drug allergen. It is a conjugate acid of a benzoate. Benzoic acid is a colorless crystalline solid and a simple aromatic carboxylic acid, used as a food preservative. Benzoic acid can improve feed efficiency and diarrhoea, and improve gut microfloral composition.

Echinatin has significant antioxidant and anti-inflammary activities, it shows strong scavenging activity toward the ABTS + radical, it also inhibits the production of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in LPS-induced macrophage cells. Echinatin disturbs the mitochondrial energy transfer reactions and membrane permeability, at a low concentration cause deterioration of respiratory control and oxidative phosphorylation of isolated rat liver mitochondria, inhibits DNP-ATPase activity while stimulating range latent ATPase activity.

1D-5-O-methyl-myo-inositol is a member of the class of methyl myo-inositols that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol substituted by a methoxy group at position 6 (the 1R,2S,3r,4R,5S,6r-stereoisomer). It has a role as a plant metabolite.

Mogroside V is a widely used sweetener, has in vitro AMPK activating effect, it also has anti-inflammatory potential in murine macrophages and a murine ear edema model, and has the potential to protect against LPS-induced airway inflammation in a model of ALI. Mogroside IIA is a mogroside and a beta-D-glucoside. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is functionally related to a mogroside I-A1.

Irisolidone is a potent volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC) current inhibitor, it exhibits high efficacy for VRAC blockade with IC50s of 5-13 uM. Irisolidone shows anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet aggregation, hepatoprotective, and α-amylase inhibitory activities, it may attenuate ethanol-induced gastritis by inhibiting the infiltration of immune cells, particularly neutrophils, through the regulation of CXCL-4 or IL-8 secretion. Irisolidone shows potent inhibitory activity against Helicobacter pylori. Irisolidone also shows antiproliferative activity against amelanotic melanoma cells.

Podecdysone B is a phytoecdysteroid that consists of 5beta-cholesta-8,14-dien-6-one bearing five hydroxy substituents at positions 2, 3, 20, 22 and 25. It is a phytoecdysteroid, a 3beta-hydroxy steroid, a 26-hydroxy steroid, a 20-hydroxy steroid, a 2beta-hydroxy steroid, a 22-hydroxy steroid and a 6-oxo steroid.