Peimine has good anti-inflammatory effects in vivo, it inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines induced by LPS through blocking MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways. It also has antitussive and sedative actions, the action being suspected to be central in nature.

Arachidonic acid is 1 of only 2 unsaturated fatty acids retained in the ovaries of crustaceans and an inhibitor of HR97g, a nuclear receptor expressed in adult ovaries. Arachidonic acid induces retinal arteriolar vasodilation by inhibiting subcellular Ca(2+)-signaling activity in retinal arteriolar myocytes, most likely through a mechanism involving the inhibition of L-type Ca(2+)-channel activity. Arachidonic acid causes an increase in free cytoplasmic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in differentiated skeletal multinucleated myotubes C2C12 and does not induce calcium response in C2C12 myoblasts. Arachidonic acid is a long-chain fatty acid that is a C20, polyunsaturated fatty acid having four (Z)-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14. It has a role as a mouse metabolite, a human metabolite, an EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor and a Daphnia galeata metabolite. It is a long-chain fatty acid, an omega-6 fatty acid and an icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid. It is a conjugate acid of an arachidonate. It derives from a hydride of a (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraene.

Verbasoside is a glycoside.

Lysionotin is a natural flavonoid predominantly found in fewflower lysionotus herbs and possesses many pharmacological properties, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, and free radical scavenging activities. It is an efficient inhibitor of α-toxin expression and shows significant protection against S. aureus in vitro and in vivo. Nevadensin is a trimethoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6, 8 and 4' and hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7 respectively. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a trimethoxyflavone and a dihydroxyflavone. It is functionally related to a flavone. It is a conjugate acid of a nevadensin-7-olate.

6-Hydroxycoumarin has antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-tumour activities.

Kadsurenone is a member of benzofurans.

Adenosine is a nucleoside composed of a molecule of adenine attached to a ribose sugar molecule (ribofuranose) moiety via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. Adenosine induces SphK1 activity in human and mouse sickle and normal erythrocytes in vitro, it can activate the neuroimmune system, alter neuronal function and neurotransmission,and contribute to symptoms of sickness and psychopathologies. Adenosine activates mast cells have been long implicated in allergic asthma and studies in rodent mast cells have assigned the A3 Adenosine receptor (A3R) a primary role in mediating Adenosine responses. Adenosine is a ribonucleoside composed of a molecule of adenine attached to a ribofuranose moiety via a betaN9-glycosidic bond. It has a role as an analgesic, a vasodilator agent, an anti-arrhythmia drug, a human metabolite and a fundamental metabolite. It is a purines D-ribonucleoside and a member of adenosines. It is functionally related to an adenine.

Tectoruside is a natural product from Iris tectorum.

5-O-Demethylnobiletin is an ether and a member of flavonoids. 5-0-Demethylnobiletin has anti-inflammatory activity, it may act through a direct inhibition of 5-LOX, without affecting the expression of COX-2. 5-O-Demethylnobiletin is a multi methoxyflavone isolated from Citrus jambhiri Lush. It is a direct inhibitor of 5-LOX (IC50=0.1 μ M) and does not affect the expression of COX-2. 5-O-Demethylnobiletin has anti-inflammatory activity, inhibiting the formation of leukotriene B (4) (LTB4) in rat neutrophils and the release of elastase in human neutrophils, with an IC50 value of 0.35 μ M

N-Methylflindersine shows strong toxicity towards brine shrimp larvae, with an LD(50) value of 1.39 microg/ml. It also exhibits potent inhibition against N -formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine-induced superoxide production with IC(50) values less than 12 microM. N-Methylflindersine is an organic heterotricyclic compound, an organonitrogen heterocyclic compound and an oxacycle.

Ginkgolide A is a platelet-activating factor antagonist, it can inhibit the neurotoxicity of prions or amyloid-beta1-42, may be relevant treatments for prion or Alzheimer's diseases.Ginkgolide A has neuroprotective, and anxiolytic-like effects, it is widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and diabetic vascular complications, which might be achieved through regulating the STAT3-mediated pathway.

P-menthan-3-ol is any secondary alcohol that is one of the eight possible diastereoisomers of 5-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)cyclohexan-1-ol. It has a role as a volatile oil component. It is a p-menthane monoterpenoid and a secondary alcohol.

Menthol is used in analgesic balms and also in foods and oral hygiene products for its fresh cooling sensation, menthol enhances cooling by interacting with the cold-sensitive thermoTRP channel TRPM8. L-Menthol has antiperistaltic and anti-inflammatory effects, clinical trials investigating the potential therapeutic efficacy of L-menthol for treatment of chronic inflammatory disorders such as bronchial asthma, colitis and allergic rhinitis seem worthwhile, it sprayed on the gastric mucosa significantly suppresses peristalsis with minimal adverse drug reactions during upper GI endoscopy. (-)-menthol is a p-menthan-3-ol which has (1R,2S,5R)-stereochemistry. It is the most common naturally occurring enantiomer. It has a role as an antitussive, an antispasmodic drug and an antipruritic drug. It is an enantiomer of a (+)-menthol.