Chebulagic acid is a potent DNA topoisomerase inhibitor, and is also COX-2 and 5-LOX dual inhibitor. Chebulagic acid may be of value as broad-spectrum antivirals for limiting emerging/ recurring viruses known to engage host cell glycosaminoglycans for entry. Chebulagic acid can be used to control blood glucose and manage type 2 diabetes, although clinical trials are needed.

Hypocrellin B has sonodynamic action to induce mitochondrial damage, survival inhibition, apoptosis and inhibit adhesion and migration of cancer cells. Photodynamic therapy with Hypocrellin B can remarkably induce apoptosis and inhibit adhesion and migration of cancer cells in vitro.

Ombuin is a dimethoxyflavone that is quercetin in which the hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 4' are replaced by methoxy groups. Isolated from Cyperus teneriffae, it exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. It has a role as an anti-inflammatory agent and a plant metabolite. It is a dimethoxyflavone, a trihydroxyflavone and a member of flavonols. It is functionally related to a quercetin. It is a conjugate acid of a 7,4'-O-dimethylquercetin 3-olate. Ombuin has anti-inflammary activity, it inhibits some macrophage functions involved in the inflammatory process. Ombuin significantly and dose dependently inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon (IFN)-gamma induced nitric oxide (NO), and cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-12].

Celastrol is a pentacyclic triterpenoid that is 24,25,26-trinoroleana-1(10),3,5,7-tetraen-29-oic acid bearing an oxo substituent at position 2, a hydroxy substituent at position 3 and two methyl groups at positions 9 and 13. An antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Potently inhibits lipid peroxidation in mitochondria and inhibits TNF-alpha-induced NFB activation. Also shown to inhibit topoisomerase II activity in vitro (IC50 = 7.41 M). Celastrol is a potent proteasome inhibitor for the chymotrypsin-like activity of a purified 20S proteasome with IC50 of 2.5 μM. Celastrol is also a novel HSP90 inhibitor, it has anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor , antiangiogenesis, and antioxidant activities. Celastrol inhibits Plasmodium falciparum enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase and inhibits VEGF receptors expression.

Deoxylapachol is a member of the class of 1,4-naphthoquinones that is 1,4-naphthoquinone substituted by a 3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl group at position 2. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent, an antifungal agent, a marine metabolite, a plant metabolite and an algal metabolite. It is a member of 1,4-naphthoquinones and an olefinic compound. Deoxylapachol has anti-wood rot activity, it can inhibit the brown rot fungi Gloeophyllum sepiarium CBS 353.74 and Gloeophyllum trabeum CBS 318.50 and the white rot fungi Merulius tremellosus CBS 280.73 and Phlebia brevispora CBS 509.92. It also can induce fungal cell wall stress.

Hamamelitannin has cytotoxic, and antibiofilm activities. It increases the susceptibility of S. aureus to antibiotic treatment in in vivo Caenorhabditis elegans and mouse mammary gland infection models. It also has a high protective activity on cell damage induced by peroxides.

(+)-lyoniresinol-3-alpha-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside is a lignan that is (+)-lyoniresinol substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from the root barks of Stemmadenia minima and Lycium chinense, it exhibits antimicrobial activities. It has a role as a metabolite, an antibacterial agent and an antifungal agent.

Isoforsythiaside has antioxidant, and antibacterial activities.