Hecogenin, a steroid saponin isolated from Agave sisalana, is a potent and highly selective inhibitor of UGT1A4 with an IC50 value of 1.5 μM. Hecogenin has anti-cancer, antiproliferative,antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, it can protect gastro by K⁺(ATP) channels opening and the COX-2/PG pathway. Hecogenin has inhibition of human rheumatoid arthritis synovial cell survival, the effect is associated with increased apoptosis, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activity and upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2.

Chikusetsusaponin IVa is a novel AMPK activator, can induce insulin secretion from βTC3 cells via GPR40 mediated calcium and PKC pathways, may be developed into a new potential for therapeutic agent used in T2DM patients.Chikusetsusaponin IVa exerts antithrombotic effects, including minor hemorrhagic events. Chikusetsusaponin-IVa is a triterpenoid saponin. It has a role as a metabolite.

Pulchinenoside A3 is a triterpenoid. Anemoside A3 is an attractive candidate for further development as a cognitive enhancer capable of alleviating memory dysfunctions associated with aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Anemoside A3 also produces relaxation in rat renal arteries through multiple mechanisms.

Isoferulic acid is an effective natural antioxidant in both lipid and aqueous media, it may be a new promising anti-glycation agent for the prevention of diabetic complications via inhibition of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation and oxidation-dependent protein damage. Isoferulic acid is a novel and potent inhibitor of murine IL-8 production, it also has inhibitory effect on mushroom tyrosinase. Isoferulic acid is a ferulic acid consisting of trans-cinnamic acid bearing methoxy and hydroxy substituents at positions 4 and 3 respectively on the phenyl ring. It has a role as an antioxidant, a metabolite and a biomarker.

Cytosporone B is a naturally occurring agonist for Nur77, it also is a Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1)-inhibitor, it may have potential in drug development against antibiotic-resistant Salmonella. Cytosporone B can elevate blood glucose levels in fasting C57 mice, an effect that is accompanied by induction of multiple genes involved in gluconeogenesis. Cytosporone B can inhibit transforming growth factor-b (TGF-β)-induced contraction of human corneal fibroblasts (HCFs), likely as a result of its attenuation of the up-regulation of α-SMA expression. 2-[3,5-dihydroxy-2-(1-oxooctyl)phenyl]acetic acid ethyl ester is an aromatic ketone.

Geraniol is a terpene alcohol occurring in the essential oils of several aromatic plants used in the flavour and fragrance industries. It also exhibits insecticidal and repellent properties and used as a natural pest control agent exhibiting low toxicity.Geraniol is a glutathion S transferase inhibitor, shows anticarcinogenic props. Geraniol is a monoterpenoid consisting of two prenyl units linked head-to-tail and functionalised with a hydroxy group at its tail end. It has a role as a volatile oil component, a fragrance, an allergen and a plant metabolite. It is a primary alcohol, a 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol and a monoterpenoid.