Trachelogenin has antiproliferative effect, the mechanism is related to affect the phosphorylation of key proteins such as β-Catenin, c-Myc and GSK3 in the β-Catenin signaling pathway in a concentration-dependent manner.

Ginsenoside Rg3 is the main component of Red ginseng, it inhibits Na+ and hKv1.4 channel with IC50s of 32.2±4.5 and 32.6±2.2 μM, respectively, it also inhibits Aβ levels, NF-κB activity, and COX-2 expression. Ginsenoside-Rg3 possesses an ability to inhibit the lung metastasis of tumor cells, and the mechanism of its antimetastatic effect is related to inhibition of the adhesion and invasion of tumor cells, and also to anti-angiogenesis activity. It is a novel drug, capable of inhibiting the early of scarring (HS) and later HS. (20S)-ginsenoside Rg3 is a ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus var. major that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.

Ginsenoside Rh1 has anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, and anti-tumor activities, it may improve glucocorticoid efficacy in hormone-dependent diseases. It inhibits MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways and downstream transcription factors such as NF-κB and AP-1, which play an important role in MMP gene expressions; it also inhibits IFN-gamma-induced JAK/STAT and ERK signaling pathways and downstream transcription factors, and thereby iNOS gene expression. (20S)-ginsenoside Rh1 is a tetracyclic triterpenoid that is (20S)-protopanaxadiol which is substituted by beta-D-glucoside at the 6alpha position. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a 3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid, a beta-D-glucoside, a tetracyclic triterpenoid, a 3beta-hydroxy steroid, a 12beta-hydroxy steroid and a ginsenoside. It derives from a hydride of a dammarane.

Stigmasterol is used as a precursor in the manufacture of synthetic progesterone, it is an antagonist of the bile acid nuclear receptor FXR, which has anti-inflammatory, thyroid inhibitory, cholesterol-lowering, antiperoxidative and hypoglycemic effects; it has indicated that stigmasterol may be useful in prevention of certain cancers, including ovarian, prostate, breast, and colon cancers. Stigmasterol inhibits the NF-kappaB pathway. Stigmasterol is a 3beta-sterol that consists of 3beta-hydroxystigmastane having double bonds at the 5,6- and 22,23-positions. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a stigmastane sterol, a 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid, a member of phytosterols and a 3beta-sterol. It derives from a hydride of a stigmastane.

Alisol A may be an autophagic inducer, it has anti-cancer activity, it presents inhibitory effects on cancer cell lines tested(HepG2, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7 cells). Alisol A is an orally active terpenoid tetracyclic triterpenoid compound. Alisol A can be extracted from the rhizome of Alisma orientale. Alisol A activates AMPK/ACC/SREBP-1c, SIRT1, PPAR α, inhibits MMP-2/-9, and reduces the expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 β, IL-6, IL-8). Alisol A has antitumor activity against breast cancer and colorectal cancer. Alisol A has anti obesity and anti atherosclerosis activities. Alisol A can be used to study hepatitis B, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, atherosclerosis and obesity.

Glucovanillin is a glycoside.

Daucosterol is a steroid saponin that is sitosterol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It has bee isolated from Panax japonicus var. major and Breynia fruticosa. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a beta-D-glucoside, a steroid saponin and a monosaccharide derivative. It is functionally related to a sitosterol. It derives from a hydride of a stigmastane.

Alpha-Spinasterol is a steroid. It derives from a hydride of a stigmastane. Alpha-Spinasterol is a novel efficacious and safe antagonist of the TRPV1 receptor with anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects.Alpha-Spinasterol has a significant therapeutic potential to modulate the development and/or progression of diabetic nephropathy. It also can prevent TP-induced prostatic hyperplasia and may be beneficial in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Alpha Sphingol is an orally administered transient receptor potential vanillic acid 1 (TRPV1) antagonist and an inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2, with IC50 values of 16.17 μ M and 7.76 μ M, respectively. α - Spinasterol has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, antioxidant, anti injurious effects, has blood brain barrier permeability, and can improve diabetes in mice.

Saikosaponin b2 is a saikosaponin.

Alpha-Solanine is a glycoalkaloid poison found in species of the nightshade family (Solanaceae), such as the potato (Solanum tuberosum). It is a trisccharide derivative of solanidine [(22beta)-solanid-5-en-3beta-ol]. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent, a phytotoxin, an apoptosis inducer and a plant metabolite. It is a glycoalkaloid, an organic heterohexacyclic compound, a steroid saponin and a trisaccharide derivative. It is functionally related to a solanidine. Alpha-Solanine alters antioxidative enzyme activities and MDA and PCO concentrations and GST activity in fat body and midgut. Alpha-Solanine has proliferation-inhibiting and apoptosis-promoting effect on multiple cancer cells, such as clone, liver, melanoma cancer cells.

Saikosaponin C exhibits anti-HBV activity, it has the potential for therapeutic angiogenesis but is not suitable for cancer therapy, it also might be a novel therapeutic tool for treating human AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. It inhibited caspase-3 activation and caspase-3-mediated-FAK degradation, induced matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2)、vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) 、the p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK, ERK). Saikosaponin C is a member of the class of saikosaponins that is saikogenin E substituted by a 6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl-(14)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(16)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl group at position 3beta. It is a natural product isolated from the traditional Chinese herb, Radix Bupleuri and exhibits anti-HBV replication activity. It has a role as an anti-HBV agent and a plant metabolite.

Brassicasterol is an 3beta-sterol that is (22E)-ergosta-5,22-diene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3beta. It is a phytosterol found in marine algae, fish, and rapeseed oil. It has a role as a biomarker, an animal metabolite, a marine metabolite, a plant metabolite, a human metabolite, an EC 1.3.1.72 (Delta(24)-sterol reductase) inhibitor, a sterol biosynthesis inhibitor and an algal metabolite. Brassicasterol may be a relevant additional biomarker in Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Sitosterol is a member of the class of phytosterols that is stigmast-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3. It has a role as an antioxidant, an anticholesteremic drug, a sterol methyltransferase inhibitor, a mouse metabolite and a plant metabolite. It is a stigmastane sterol, a 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid, a C29-steroid, a member of phytosterols and a 3beta-sterol. It derives from a hydride of a stigmastane.