1,6,6-trimethyl-8,9-dihydro-7H-naphtho[1,2-g]benzofuran-10,11-dione is an abietane diterpenoid.

Quercetin is one of the most prominent dietary antioxidants, it is claimed to exert beneficial health effects, this includes protection against various diseases such as osteoporosis, certain forms of cancer, pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases but also against aging. It is a stimulator of recombinant SIRT1 and also a PI3K inhibitor with IC50 of 2.4±0.6 μM, 3.0±0.0 μM and 5.4±0.3 μM for PI3K γ, PI3K δ and PI3K β, respectively. It also attenuated the function VEGFR, androgen receptor and the expressions of NF-κB, IL Receptor, FAK, ERK,Nrf2. Miquelianin is a quercetin O-glycoside that consists of quercetin attached to a beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl moiety at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from Salvia and Phaseolus vulgaris, it exhibits antioxidant and antidepressant activities. It has a role as an antioxidant, a metabolite and an antidepressant. It is a beta-D-glucosiduronic acid and a quercetin O-glycoside.

1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose is a galloyl-beta-D-glucose compound having five galloyl groups in the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 6-positions. It has a role as a geroprotector, an antineoplastic agent, a radical scavenger, a hepatoprotective agent, a radiation protective agent, an anti-inflammatory agent and a plant metabolite. It is a galloyl beta-D-glucose and a gallate ester. It is a conjugate acid of a 1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose(1-).

Camelliaside B is a natural product from Camellia oleifera Abel. Camelliaside b is a glycoside and a member of flavonoids.

Camelliaside A is a natural product from Camellia oleifera Abel.

Eleutheroside E is a glycoside and a lignan.

Catalpol is a kind of enzyme inhibitors, it has been shown to have antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis and other neuroprotective properties and plays a role in neuroprotection against hypoxic/ischemic injury, AD and PD in both in vivo and in vitro models.Catalpol regulates cholinergic nerve system function through effect on choline acetyl-transferase not M receptor affinity, it has a wide spectrum of targets including Bcl-2 , PI3K, Akt-eNOS, caspase. Catalpol is an organic molecular entity. It has a role as a metabolite.

Geraniin is a TNF-α releasing inhibitor with numerous activities including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, has anti-oxidant , and anti-hyperglycemic activities, with an IC50 of 43 μM. Geraniin presents radioprotective effects by regulating DNA damage on splenocytes, exerting immunostimulatory capacities and inhibiting apoptosis of radiosensitive immune cells and jejunal crypt cells. Geraniin induces Nrf2-mediated expression of antioxidant enzymes HO-1 and NQO1, presumably via PI3K/AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways, thereby protecting cells from H2O2-induced oxidative cell death.

Alpha-amyrin is a pentacyclic triterpenoid that is ursane which contains a double bond between positions 12 and 13 and in which the hydrogen at the 3beta position is substituted by a hydroxy group. It is a pentacyclic triterpenoid and a secondary alcohol. It derives from a hydride of an ursane. Alpha-Amyrin is trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitor,it has antineoplastic,it induces proliferation of human keratinocytes.Alpha-Amyrin can as a hepatomodulatory potent to feasibility for a promising liver curative drug.

Neoeriocitrin is a flavanone glycoside that is eriodictyol substituted by a 2-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a member of 4'-hydroxyflavanones, a neohesperidoside, a trihydroxyflavanone, a disaccharide derivative and a flavanone glycoside. It is functionally related to an eriodictyol. Neoeriocitrin has antioxidant capacity, it could rescue the inhibition effect of cell differentiation induced by PD98059 to some degree.Neoeriocitrin may be a new promising candidate drug for treatment of osteoporosis.

Isopimpinellin has chemopreventive effects, it effectively inhibits mouse COH activity (IC50 values 19-40 microM).Isopimpinellin is a new inhibitor against the Leishmania APRT enzyme.

Eriocitrin is a disaccharide derivative that consists of eriodictyol substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as an antioxidant. It is a member of 4'-hydroxyflavanones, a rutinoside, a trihydroxyflavanone, a member of 3'-hydroxyflavanones, a disaccharide derivative and a flavanone glycoside. It is functionally related to an eriodictyol. Eriocitrin is powerful antioxidative flavonoid, it can prevent oxidative damages caused by acute exercise-induced oxidative stress, it also has lipid-lowering effect in rats on a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet. Eriocitrin is a potent inhibitor of human carbonic anhydrase VA isozyme.

Luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside is a glycosyloxyflavone that is luteolin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as an antioxidant and a plant metabolite. It is a beta-D-glucoside, a trihydroxyflavone, a glycosyloxyflavone and a monosaccharide derivative. It is functionally related to a luteolin. It is a conjugate acid of a luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside(1-).

Oleuropein is a secoiridoid glycoside that is the methyl ester of 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 4 by hydroxy, ethylidene, and carboxymethyl groups, respectively and in which the anomeric hydroxy group at position 2 has been converted into its beta-D-glucoside and the carboxylic acid moiety of the carboxymethyl substituent has been converted to the corresponding 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl ester (the 2S,3E,4S stereoisomer). Oleuropein exhibits anti-ischemic, antioxidative, hypolipidemic, in vitro antimycoplasmal , anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects., it also may be helpful in the prevention of diabetic complications associated with oxidative stress. Oleuropein prevents oxidative myocardial injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion, and reduces viremia in duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV)-infected ducks. Oleuropein reduces TLR and MAPK signaling.

Pectolinarigenin possesses anti-inflammatory, antiallergic and hepatoprotective activities.It is a dual inhibitor of COX-2/5-LOX,and the IC50 >1 microM; it also can increase activity levels of GSH, GR, GCS, and GST, as well as SOD. Pectolinarigenin is a dimethoxyflavone that is the 6,4'-dimethyl ether derivative of scutellarein. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a dimethoxyflavone and a dihydroxyflavone. It is functionally related to a scutellarein.

Lutein and lycopene has chemopreventive activity, the possible mechanism is their antioxidant effects. Nutritional supplementation with lutein or lutein together with antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals, improves visual function and symptoms in atrophic age-related macular degeneration (ARMD). Lutein is a carotenol. It has a role as a plant metabolite and a food colouring. It derives from a hydride of a (6'R)-beta,epsilon-carotene.

Sulforaphane is a cruciferous vegetable-derived isothiocyanate with promising antitumor, chemopreventive and therapeutic activities, it inhibits TPA-induced NF-κB activation and COX-2 expression in MCF-10A cells by blocking two distinct signaling pathways mediated by ERK1/2-IKKα and NAK-IKKβ. Sulforaphane may exert a significant neuroprotective effect on cholinergic deficit and cognitive impairment, it also has anti-inflammatory effect, at least ,in part,associated with interfering with the NF-κB pathway. (R)-sulforaphane is a sulforaphane in which the sulfinyl group has R configuration. Naturally occurring compound found in brocolli that acts as a potent inducer of phase II detoxification enzymes. It is an enantiomer of a (S)-sulforaphane.

15,16-Dihydrotanshinone I is an abietane diterpenoid. It has a role as an anticoronaviral agent.