Decursinol is an organic heterotricyclic compound that is 7,8-dihydro-2H,6H-pyrano[3,2-g]chromen-2-one substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 7 and two methyl groups at position 8. It is isolated from the roots of Angelica gigas and has been found to possess significant inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase enzyme (EC 3.1.1.7). It has a role as a metabolite, an analgesic, an antineoplastic agent and an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor. Decursinol may be a beneficial antimetastatic agent, targeting MMPs and its upstream signaling molecules; it inhibits the proliferation and invasion of CT-26 colon carcinoma cells, might via downregulated ERK and JNK phosphorylation. Aspirin-decursinol has neuroprotective effects, may be closely related to the attenuation of ischemia-induced gliosis and maintenance of antioxidants.

Celastrol is a pentacyclic triterpenoid that is 24,25,26-trinoroleana-1(10),3,5,7-tetraen-29-oic acid bearing an oxo substituent at position 2, a hydroxy substituent at position 3 and two methyl groups at positions 9 and 13. An antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Potently inhibits lipid peroxidation in mitochondria and inhibits TNF-alpha-induced NFB activation. Also shown to inhibit topoisomerase II activity in vitro (IC50 = 7.41 M). Celastrol is a potent proteasome inhibitor for the chymotrypsin-like activity of a purified 20S proteasome with IC50 of 2.5 μM. Celastrol is also a novel HSP90 inhibitor, it has anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor , antiangiogenesis, and antioxidant activities. Celastrol inhibits Plasmodium falciparum enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase and inhibits VEGF receptors expression.

Highly purified Momordin II inhibits cell-free protein synthesis, releases adenine from rat liver ribosomes and from DNA, and has no RNase activity.

Deguelin, acts as a chemopreventive agent by blocking multiple pathways like PI3K-Akt, IKK-NF-κB, and MAPK-mTOR-survivin-mediated apoptosis. Deguelin binding to Hsp90 leads to a decreased expression of numerous oncogenic proteins, including MEK1/2, Akt, HIF1α, COX-2, and NF-κB. Deguelin is a potent in vitro inhibitor of the mutant form of NPM1, which provides the molecular basis for its anti-leukemia activities in NPM1 mutant acute myeloid leukemia cells.Deguelin has anti-cancer activity, such as anti osteosarcoma, lung cancer; via inducing the apoptosis of cancer cells through a ROS driven Akt pathway, EPC suppression by FAK-integrin-ILK-dependent actin remodeling .Deguelin possesses antitumor effect by targeting Akt in dual axis such as EGFR and IGF1R signaling pathways and suggests that it provides an applicable therapeutic strategy for HNSCC patients. Deguelin is a rotenone that is 13,13a-dihydro-3H-chromeno[3,4-b]pyrano[2,3-h]chromen-7(7aH)-one substituted by methoxy groups at positions 9 and 10, and by two methyl groups at position 3 (the 7aS,13aS-stereoisomer). It exists in abundant quantities in the bark, roots, and leaves of the Leguminosae family of plants and reported to exert anti-tumour effects in various cancers.

Dicoumarol is a hydroxycoumarin that is methane in which two hydrogens have each been substituted by a 4-hydroxycoumarin-3-yl group. Related to warfarin, it has been used as an anticoagulant. It has a role as an anticoagulant, an EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor, a vitamin K antagonist and a Hsp90 inhibitor.

Apigenin is a potent inhibitor of CYP2C9, which has anti-inflammatory, antiangiogenic, and anti-cancer effects, it may inhibit EV71 replication through suppressing viral IRES activity and modulating cellular JNK pathway.

Dihydroberberine has anti-tumor activity. It also improves in vivo efficacy in terms of counteracting increased adiposity, tissue triglyceride accumulation, and insulin resistance in high-fat-fed rodents, thus is potential therapeutic reagents for type 2 diabetes treatment.

Tamarixetin has vasodilator effects in rat isolated vessels. Tamarixetin has cytotoxic against leukemia cells and in particular P-glycoprotein- overexpressing K562/ADR cells, it inhibits proliferation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, induces apoptosis and blocked cell cycle progression at G2 -M phase. Tamarixetin is a monomethoxyflavone that is quercetin methylated at position O-4'. Isolated from Cyperus teneriffae. It has a role as an antioxidant and a metabolite. It is a monomethoxyflavone, a tetrahydroxyflavone and a 7-hydroxyflavonol. It is functionally related to a quercetin.

Arvenin i is an organic molecular entity.

Cucurbitacin D has anticancer effects, it induces apoptosis through caspase-3 and phosphorylation of JNK in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cucurbitacin D may be a potential therapeutic agent for β-hemoglobinopathies, including sickle cell anemia and β-thalassemia. Cucurbitacin D is a new inflammasome activator in macrophages, it can initiate immunomodulating activity in macrophages to lead to inflammasome activation as well as enhancement of LPS signaling. Cucurbitacin D is a cucurbitacin in which a lanostane skeleton is multi-substituted with hydroxy, methyl and oxo substituents, with unsaturation at positions 5 and 23. It is a tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone, a cucurbitacin and a secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone. It derives from a hydride of a lanostane.