Hyodeoxycholic acid is a member of the class of 5beta-cholanic acids that is (5beta)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by alpha-hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 6. It is a bioactive compound extracted from Calculus bovis. It has a role as a mouse metabolite and a human metabolite. It is a C24-steroid, a bile acid, a member of 5beta-cholanic acids and a 6alpha,20xi-murideoxycholic acid. It is functionally related to a cholic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a hyodeoxycholate. Hyodeoxycholic acid is a secondary bile acid formed in the small intestine by the gut flora, and acts as a TGR5 (GPCR19) agonist, with an EC50 of 31.6 µM in CHO cells. Hyodeoxycholic acid has hypolipidemic effect through regulation of FXR activation, it is a candidate for antiatherosclerotic drug, by significantly increasing the expression of genes involved in cholesterol efflux, such as Abca1, Abcg1,and Apoe,in a macrophage cell line.

Plantainoside D shows potent antioxidative effects as those of ascorbic acid, it shows angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory inhibitory activity in vitro with the IC(50) value of 2.17 mM, it also shows inhibitory activity against PKCalpha with the IC50 value (in microM) of 14.8. Plantainoside D protects adriamycin-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cardiac muscle cells via the inhibition of ROS generation and NF-kappaB activation.

Alisol G has hCE2 inhibitory effects.

Alisol C can improve glucose uptake in Hep G2 cells, it may be one of the therapeutic material basis in hypoglycemic activities in A. orientalis. Alisol C,16,23-oxido-alisol B and alisol O in Zexie may cause nephrotoxicity.

Ursodeoxycholic acid is a potent inhibitor of apoptosis, it prevents cytochrome c release in apoptosis by inhibiting mitochondrial membrane depolarization and channel formation. Ursodeoxycholic acid can ameliorate experimental ileitis counteracting intestinal barrier dysfunction and oxidative stress, it as a chemopreventive agent in patients with ulcerative colitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Ursodeoxycholic acid is a bile acid found in the bile of bears (Ursidae) as a conjugate with taurine. Used therapeutically, it prevents the synthesis and absorption of cholesterol and can lead to the dissolution of gallstones. It has a role as a mouse metabolite and a human metabolite. It is a C24-steroid, a dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid and a bile acid. It is a conjugate acid of an ursodeoxycholate.

Deoxycholic acid is a strong promoter of hepatocarcinogenesis with possible complete carcinogenicity in the liver and promotion potential for tumor development in the small intestine. Loss of deoxycholic acid-induced EGFR/Ras/MAPK pathway function potentiates deoxycholic acid-stimulated FAS-induced hepatocyte cell death via a reduction in the expression of c-FLIP isoforms. Deoxycholic acid is a bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 12 respectively. It has a role as a human blood serum metabolite. It is a C24-steroid, a dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid and a bile acid. It is a conjugate acid of a deoxycholate.

Chenodeoxycholic acid is a dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid that is (5beta)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively. It has a role as a mouse metabolite and a human metabolite. It is a C24-steroid, a dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid and a bile acid. It is a conjugate acid of a chenodeoxycholate. Chenodeoxycholic acid is a hydrophobic primary bile acid that activates nuclear receptors (FXR) involved in cholesterol metabolism. Chenodeoxycholic acid could reverse obesity in cHF-fed mice, mainly in response to the reduction in food intake.