Mogroside IIe is a bitter triterpenoid saponin which is the main component of unripe Luo Han Guo fruit and a precursor of the commercially available sweetener mogroside V. Mogroside II-E is a mogroside, a beta-D-glucoside, a 3-hydroxy steroid and a steroid saponin.

Senkyunolide A is a useful standard compound for the quality evaluation and chemical differentiation between Rhizoma chuanxiong and Angelica sinensis, and suitable for the analysis of a large number of samples. Senkyunolide A has the vasorelaxation activity in contractions to various contractile agents in rat isolated aorta.

Mogroside IIA1 is a mogroside that is mogrol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen at position 24 has been replaced by a 6-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl group. It has a role as a plant metabolite and a bacterial xenobiotic metabolite. It is a mogroside, a beta-D-glucoside and a disaccharide derivative. It is functionally related to a mogrol and a beta-D-Glcp-(1->6)-beta-D-Glcp. Mogroside V is a widely used sweetener, has in vitro AMPK activating effect, it also has anti-inflammatory potential in murine macrophages and a murine ear edema model, and has the potential to protect against LPS-induced airway inflammation in a model of ALI.

Maackiain is an antimicrobial compound (phytoalexins), it has anticancer effects, it induces apoptosis and growth suppression. Maackiain also shows strong larvicidal activity (LC50 = 21.95 ± 1.34 ug/mL). (-)-maackiain is the ()-enantiomer of maackiain. It is an enantiomer of a (+)-maackiain.

Clausine E as an inhibitor of fat mass and obesity‐associated protein (FTO) demethylase activity. The characteristics of the binding between Clausine E and the fat mass and obesity‐associated protein were investigated by physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques. Clausine E is a member of carbazoles. It has a role as a metabolite.

Senkyunolide I may be an active component of L. chuanxiong, traditionally used to treat migraine, it can protect rat brain against focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by up-regulating p-Erk1/2, Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibiting caspase 3, the neuroprotective mechanisms of itI are associated with its anti-oxidation and anti-apoptosis properties. Senkyunolide I can reduce the metamorphose damage of the RBC caused by ConA, the aggregation of the RBC can be alleviated by it.

Sodium ferulate is an organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of the proton from the 3-hydroxy group of ferulic acid by a sodium ion. It has a role as an antioxidant, a MALDI matrix material, an anti-inflammatory agent, an apoptosis inhibitor, a plant metabolite and a cardioprotective agent. It contains a trans-ferulate.