Bacopaside I is a modulator of Aquaporin-1 channel, has neuroprotective functions, it has anti-Alzheimer's disease, it ameliorates cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice via immune-mediated clearance of β-amyloid. Bacopaside I also exhibits an obvious antidepressant-like effect in mouse model of CUMS-induced depression that was mediated, at least in part, by modulating HPA hyperactivity and activating BDNF signaling pathway.

Tenuifoliside B is a target lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor. Tenuifoliside B has cognitive improving and cerebral protective effects. it can inhibit potassium cyanide (KCN)-induced hypoxia and scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice.

Inhalation challenge with capsaicin and rapid intravenous injection of Lobelin and alinamin indicated that peripheral c-fiber receptors were involved in the induction of coughing. Lobeline hydrochloride is an organic molecular entity. It has a role as a cholinergic drug.