Inulicin is a terpene lactone.

Jujuboside B has antitumor activity and the underlying mechanism via induction of apoptosis and autophagy. It reduces vascular tension endothelium-dependently by increasing Ca2+Influx and activating endothelial nitric oxide synthase, it has pharmacological effects on improving endothelial dysfunction and treating vascular diseases.

Pulsatilla saponin D exhibits anticancer activities in various cancer types, it Inhibits autophagic flux and synergistically enhances the anticancer activity of chemotherapeutic agents against HeLa cells.Pulsatilla saponin D has strong haemolytic activity. Pulsatilla saponin D is a natural product found particularly in Pulsatilla chinensis and Pulsatilla cernua. It has a role as a metabolite.

Helicid is a glycoside.

Nepetin-7-glucoside has antioxidant activity in human HL60 cells assessed as reduction of cytochrome-c release, DPPH free radical scavenging activity, and inhibition of TPA-induced free radical formation. Nepitrin is a glycoside and a member of flavonoids.

(+)-Borneol is a bicyclic monoterpene used for analgesia and anaesthesia in traditional Chinese and Japanese medicine, it and its enantiomer (-)-borneol have a highly efficacious positive modulating action at GABA(A) receptors at human recombinant alpha1beta2gamma2L GABA(A) receptors. Borneol specifically inhibits the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)-mediated effects in a noncompetitive way, can depress P-glycoprotein function by a NF-κB signaling mediated mechanism in a blood brain barrier in vitro model. Borneol has neuroprotection through the inhibition of IκBα-NF-κB and translocation signaling pathway, it also has an anti-cerebral ischemia effects. It can suppresse inflammatory responses in LPS-induced acute lung injury through inhibition of the NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways.

Isorhamnetin 3-O-galactoside shows antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective,and barrier protective activities, it could be used as a candidate therapeutic for treatment of severe vascular inflammatory diseases.It has potential anticoagulant activity, it possesses antithrombotic and profibrinolytic activity and offers bases for development of a novel anticoagulant. Isorhamnetin 3-O-galactoside is also a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, it may have therapeutic potential in skin inflammatory disorders in traditional medicine. Isorhamnetin 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside is a glycosyloxyflavone that is isorhamnetin substituted at position 3 by a beta-D-galactosyl residue. It has a role as a metabolite. It is a monomethoxyflavone, a trihydroxyflavone, a beta-D-galactoside, a glycosyloxyflavone and a monosaccharide derivative. It is functionally related to a beta-D-galactose and an isorhamnetin.

Salvianolic acid B is a member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is an antioxidant and free radical scavenging compound extracted from S. miltiorrhiza. It has a role as an antioxidant, an antidepressant, a hypoglycemic agent, an antineoplastic agent, a hepatoprotective agent, an osteogenesis regulator, a neuroprotective agent, an anti-inflammatory agent, an apoptosis inducer, a plant metabolite, a cardioprotective agent and an autophagy inhibitor. Salvianolic acid B is a bioactive compound isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Danshen, which is used for treating neoplastic and chronic inflammatory diseases in China, it shows a protective action against the ischemia-reperfusion induced injury in rat brain. It inhibited the expression of COX,ERK,TNF-α, NO.

Sanggenone D represents a new scaffold of positive GABAA receptor modulators, it also inhibits COX-2 activity (IC 50 = 73-100 μM). Sanggenone D has anti-inflammatory activity, it can inhibit NO production from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells at > 10 uM; inhibition of nitric oxide production was mediated by suppression of iNOS enzyme induction but not by direct inhibition of iNOS enzyme activity.

Humulone, a bone resorption inhibitor, induces apoptosis may via its antioxidative activity in the premyocytic leukemia cell line HL-60 between 1 and 100 micrograms/ml. Humulone is also a potent angiogenic inhibitor, can inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 and may be a novel powerful tool for the therapy of various angiogenic diseases involving solid tumor growth and metastasis. Humulone also has antioxidant, antispasmodic, antiviral and antibacterial activities. Humulone is an optically active cyclic ketone consisting of 3,5,6-trihydroxycyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-one bearing two 3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl substituents at positions 4 and 6 as well as a 3-methylbutanoyl group at the 2-position. It has a role as an antioxidant, a metabolite, an antibacterial drug and a cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor. It is a tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone, a triol, a cyclic ketone, a diketone and an aromatic ketone.

Myristicin has anti-cholinergic, antibacterial, and hepatoprotective effects, it also has anti-inflammatory properties related with its inhibition of NO, cytokines,chemokines, and growth factors in dsRNA-stimulated macrophages via the calcium pathway. Myristicin may antagonize the anxiolytic effects of midazolam, increase anxiety, and affect motor movements. Myristicin can induce apoptosis as characterised by alterations in the mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c release, caspase-3 activation, PARP-cleavage and DNA fragmentation. Myristicin is an organic molecular entity. It has a role as a metabolite.

Valtratum is a fatty acid ester.

Vanillin is a single molecule extracted from vanilla beans and also a popular odor used widely in perfume, food and medicine.Vanillin can reversibly and non-competitively inhibit the cellulase activity at appropriate concentrations and the value of IC50 was estimated to be 30 g/L.Vanillin protects KSC from UVB irradiation and its effects may occur through the suppression of downstream step of MDM2 in UVB irradiation-induced p53 activation. Vanillin also inhibits yeast growth and fermentation. Vanillin is a member of the class of benzaldehydes carrying methoxy and hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively. It has a role as an antioxidant, a flavouring agent, an anticonvulsant, an anti-inflammatory agent and a plant metabolite. It is a member of benzaldehydes, a monomethoxybenzene and a member of phenols.

Jujuboside D shows lipoxygenase-inhibiting activity.