Persicogenin has anticancer, antimutagenic, and antileishmanial activities, it can inhibit the proliferation of mouse tsFT210 cancer cells, it mainly inhibits cell cycle at the G2/M phase in a dose-dependent manner. 3',5-Dihydroxy-4',7-dimethoxyflavanone is an ether and a member of flavonoids.

Oleuropein is a secoiridoid glycoside that is the methyl ester of 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 4 by hydroxy, ethylidene, and carboxymethyl groups, respectively and in which the anomeric hydroxy group at position 2 has been converted into its beta-D-glucoside and the carboxylic acid moiety of the carboxymethyl substituent has been converted to the corresponding 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl ester (the 2S,3E,4S stereoisomer). Oleuropein exhibits anti-ischemic, antioxidative, hypolipidemic, in vitro antimycoplasmal , anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects., it also may be helpful in the prevention of diabetic complications associated with oxidative stress. Oleuropein prevents oxidative myocardial injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion, and reduces viremia in duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV)-infected ducks. Oleuropein reduces TLR and MAPK signaling.

Chebulagic acid is a potent DNA topoisomerase inhibitor, and is also COX-2 and 5-LOX dual inhibitor. Chebulagic acid may be of value as broad-spectrum antivirals for limiting emerging/ recurring viruses known to engage host cell glycosaminoglycans for entry. Chebulagic acid can be used to control blood glucose and manage type 2 diabetes, although clinical trials are needed.

Yadanziolide B is a quassinoid that is 13,20-epoxypicras-3-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 6, 11, 12, 14, 15 and 21 and oxo groups at positions 2 and 16. Isolated from the ethanol extract of the stem of Brucea mollis, it exhibits cytotoxic activity. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent and a plant metabolite. It is a delta-lactone, a secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone, an organic heteropentacyclic compound, an enone, a heptol and a quassinoid. Yadanziolide B exhibits cytotoxic activities with IC50 values of 3.00-5.81 uM.

Moslosooflavone has anti-hypoxia activity, it can significantly prolong the survival time of hypoxic mice. Moslosooflavone significantly inhibits the transcriptional activity of NF-kappaB in LPS/IFN-gamma stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.

Saikosaponin B4 can selectively inhibit ACTH-induced lipolysis.

3-Deoxysappanchalcone is an effective HO-1 inducer at the translational level. 3-Deoxysappanchalcone has anti-inflammatory, and anti-influenza virus activities, the mechanism involved anti-apoptosis and anti-inflammation activities in vitro. It has inhibitory activity on MMP-9 expression and production in TNF-α-treated cells, is mediated by the suppression of AP-1 and NF-κB activation. 2'-O-methylisoliquiritigenin is a member of the class of chalcones that is isoliquiritigenin in which one of the hydroxy groups at position 2' is replaced by a methoxy group. It has a role as a metabolite. It is a member of chalcones, a monomethoxybenzene and a member of phenols. It is functionally related to an isoliquiritigenin.

Isoforsythiaside has antioxidant, and antibacterial activities.

Saikosaponin B1 may be as anti-schizophrenic candidate drugs, it can suppress the signal transduction after binding of EGF.

Neoandrographolide has antiradical, anti-inflammatory,and hypolipidemic effects, it protects the cardiovascular without significant liver damage. Neoandrographolide as chemosensitizer in S-Jurkat and X chromosome-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP)-overexpressing Jurkat cells, a model for chemoresistance.Neoandrographolide inhibits iNOS and COX-2 expression through inhibiting p38 MAPKs activation.

Catalposide possesses antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-microbial, anti-tumoral, and anti-inflammatory properties. Catalposide is a potent inducer of HO-1 and HO-1 induction is responsible for the catalposide-mediated cytoprotection against oxidative damage.Catalposide is a natural agonistic ligand of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α, is hypolipidemic by activation of PPARαvia a ligand-mediated mechanism that modulates the expression of in lipid metabolism genes in hepatocytes.

Shikimic acid(Shikimate), more commonly known as its anionic form shikimate, is an important biochemical intermediate in plants and microorganisms, has great potential for the design and synthesis of enzyme inhibitors. It reversed the H2O2 induced oxidative damage in hepatocytes, probably through the inhibition of NF-κB, with the activation of PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway and reduction of apoptosis by interfering the SAPK/JNK/Bax pathway; it also profoundly inhibited pancreatic lipase activity by 66%, thus providing another valuable therapeutic aspect for treating diet induced obesity in humans. Shikimic acid is a cyclohexenecarboxylic acid that is cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 4 and 5 (the 3R,4S,5R stereoisomer). It is an intermediate metabolite in plants and microorganisms. It has a role as a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, a plant metabolite and an Escherichia coli metabolite. It is a cyclohexenecarboxylic acid, a hydroxy monocarboxylic acid and an alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a shikimate.

Ganoderic acid TR, a new lanostanoid with 5α-reductase inhibitory activity from the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum.

Thalrugosaminine shows promising antibacterial activity with MIC values of 64-128ug/ml and Staphylococcus species is the most sensitive strains. Thalrugosaminine possesses hypotensive activity in rabbits and is active against Mycobacterium smegmatis.

Phillyrin, (+)-Phillygenin, and (-)-phillygenin exert the strongest inhibitory activities on NO production with IC(50) values.