Amarogentin incorporated in liposomes or niosomes may have clinical application in the treatment of leishmaniasis. It plays cemopreventive/therapeutic role during liver carcinogenesis through modulation of cell cycle and apoptosis. Amarogentin may offer therapeutic potential for preventing or treating thromboembolic disorders, it prevents platelet activation through the inhibition of PLC γ2-PKC cascade and MAPK pathway. Amarogentin is a secoiridoid glycoside that consists of (4aS,5R,6R)-5-ethenyl-6-hydroxy-4,4a,5,6-tetrahydro-1H,3H-pyrano[3,4-c]pyran-1-one having a 2-O-[(3,3',5-trihydroxybiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl group attached at position 6 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as a metabolite and an EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor. It is a secoiridoid glycoside and a monosaccharide derivative.

2-{[(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-hydroxyprop-2-en-1-ylidene]amino}-5-hydroxybenzoic acid is an alkaloid and a member of benzamides.

Acacetin is a monomethoxyflavone that is the 4'-methyl ether derivative of apigenin. It has a role as an anticonvulsant and a plant metabolite. It is a monomethoxyflavone and a dihydroxyflavone. It is functionally related to an apigenin. It is a conjugate acid of a 5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-olate. Acacetin is an atrium-selective agent that prolongs the atrial effective refractory period without prolonging the corrected QT interval and effectively prevents atrial fibrillation (AF) in anesthetized dogs after intraduodenal administration. Acacetin has anti-cancer, anti-mutagenic, spasmolytic and antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and anti-peroxidative effects. Acacetin is an orally effective flavonoid derived from Dendranthema morifolium. Acacetin stops in the ATP binding pocket of PI3K γ. Acacetin causes cancer cell cycle arrest and induces apoptosis and autophagy. Acacia extract has effective anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities, and has the potential for research on pain related diseases.

Ophiopogonin D plays a protective role as an effective antioxidant in H2O2-induced endothelial injury, it can attenuate doxorubicin-induced autophagic cell death by relieving mitochondrial damage in vitro and in vivo, it can be therefore developed as a novel drug for the therapy of cardiovascular disorders. Ophiopogonin D and spicatoside A can increase mucin production and secretion, by directly acting on airway epithelial cells, they could be as expectorants in diverse inflammatory pulmonary diseases. Ophiopogonin D inhibits MCF-7 cell growth via the induction of cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase.

Raspberry ketone prevents and improves obesity and fatty liver by increasing norepinephrine-induced lipolysis in white adipocytes, it also can increase the fatty acid oxidation and suppressed lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Raspberry ketone has anti-melanogenic activity, it could be used to treat hyperpigmentation. Raspberry ketone enhances the differentiation of C3H10T1/2 stem cells into osteoblasts, and it may promote bone formation by an action unrelated to adipocyte differentiation. Raspberry ketone is a ketone that is 4-phenylbutan-2-one in which the phenyl ring is substituted at position 4 by a hydroxy group. It is found in a variety of fruits including raspberries, blackberries and cranberries, and is used in perfumery and cosmetics. It has a role as a metabolite, an androgen antagonist, a flavouring agent, a fragrance, a hepatoprotective agent and a cosmetic. It is a member of phenols and a methyl ketone.

Galangin 3,5,7-trimethyl ether is a trimethoxyflavone that is the 3,5,7-trimethyl ether derivative of galangin. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is functionally related to a galangin.

Tilianin has anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic, antihypertensive and vasorelaxant activities, mediates relaxation and antihypertension mainly by an endothelium-dependent manner, probably due to NO release, and also through an endothelium-independent pathway by opening K+ channels. Tilianin inhibits the tumor necrotic factor-K (TNF-K)-induced expression of VCAM-1 by 74% and reduces TNF-K-induced activation of nuclear factor-UB in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

beta-Asarone has neuroprotection, anti-tumor, anthelmintic, anti-inflammary, and anticoagulant effects, it can afford a beneficial inhibition on both mRNA and protein expression of Bad, Bax, and cleavage of caspases 9 in rat hippocampus following intrahippocampal injections of Abeta (1-42).beta-Asarone prevents autophagy and synaptic loss by reducing ROCK expression in SAMP8 mice. beta Asarone can cause liver and cardiac damages, it also has reproductive toxicity. Asarone is a phenylpropanoid that is benzene substituted by methoxy groups at positions 1, 2 and 4 and a propen-1-yl group at position 5. It has been isolated from Acorus. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is an alkenylbenzene, a phenylpropanoid and a member of methoxybenzenes.

Bicuculline is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline which is substituted at the 5-pro-S position by a (6R)-8-oxo-6,8-dihydrofuro[3,4-e][1,3]benzodioxol-6-yl group. A light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors. It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and several Corydalis species. (+)-Bicuculline is a competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors with IC50 of 2 μM, also blocks Ca(2+)-activated potassium channels.It is effective in vitro against spore germination of some plant pathogenic fungi, it can significantly inhibit spore germination of all the fungi at concentrations of 100-1000 ppm.

Isoxanthohumol is a polyphenol with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiangiogenic properties, seems to regulate in vivo vascular proliferation and stabilization and the EC-VSMC-inflammatory crosstalk. Isoxanthohumol shows an antiviral activity towards herpes viruses (HSV1 and HSV2) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV).