Inulicin is a terpene lactone.

Raspberry ketone prevents and improves obesity and fatty liver by increasing norepinephrine-induced lipolysis in white adipocytes, it also can increase the fatty acid oxidation and suppressed lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Raspberry ketone has anti-melanogenic activity, it could be used to treat hyperpigmentation. Raspberry ketone enhances the differentiation of C3H10T1/2 stem cells into osteoblasts, and it may promote bone formation by an action unrelated to adipocyte differentiation. Raspberry ketone is a ketone that is 4-phenylbutan-2-one in which the phenyl ring is substituted at position 4 by a hydroxy group. It is found in a variety of fruits including raspberries, blackberries and cranberries, and is used in perfumery and cosmetics. It has a role as a metabolite, an androgen antagonist, a flavouring agent, a fragrance, a hepatoprotective agent and a cosmetic. It is a member of phenols and a methyl ketone.

Hyperforin is a cyclic terpene ketone that is a prenylated carbobicyclic acylphloroglucinol derivative produced by St. John's Wort, Hypericum perforatum. It has a role as an antibacterial agent, an antidepressant, an antineoplastic agent, an anti-inflammatory agent, an apoptosis inducer, a plant metabolite and a GABA reuptake inhibitor. It is a cyclic terpene ketone, a carbobicyclic compound and a sesquarterpenoid. Hyperforin acts as an angiogenesis inhibitor, it as a possible antidepressant component of hypericum extracts. Hyperforin acts as a dual inhibitor of 5-LO and COX-1 in intact cells as well as on the catalytic activity of the crude enzymes, suggesting therapeutic potential in inflammatory and allergic diseases connected to eicosanoids.

Hyperforin acts as an angiogenesis inhibitor, it as a possible antidepressant component of hypericum extracts. Hyperforin acts as a dual inhibitor of 5-LO and COX-1 in intact cells as well as on the catalytic activity of the crude enzymes, suggesting therapeutic potential in inflammatory and allergic diseases connected to eicosanoids.

Evodiamine, a novel non-pungent vanilloid receptor agonist, which has the effects of anti-obese, analgesic, vasodilator, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer. It prevents the accumulation of perivisceral fat and the body weight increase, blocks of the Ca2+ influx through receptor-mediated Ca2+ channels, inhibits NF-kB activation through suppression of IkB kinase activity.

Oleuropein aglycone is a secoiridoid that is the methyl ester of 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 4 by hydroxy, ethylidene, and carboxymethyl groups, respectively and in which the carboxylic acid moiety of the carboxymethyl substituent has been converted to the corresponding 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl ester (the 2R,3E,4S stereoisomer). The most important phenolic compound present in olive cultivars. Oleuropein exhibits anti-ischemic, antioxidative, hypolipidemic, in vitro antimycoplasmal , anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects., it also may be helpful in the prevention of diabetic complications associated with oxidative stress. Oleuropein prevents oxidative myocardial injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion, and reduces viremia in duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV)-infected ducks. Oleuropein reduces TLR and MAPK signaling.

Gymnestrogenin has a dual LXRα/β antagonistic profile.

Rhodiosin exhibits potent, dose-dependent inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), it also can inhibit cytochrome P450 2D6 non-competitively with the IC50 value of 0.761 microM. Rhodiosin has hepatoprotective effects, it shows a protective effect on D-galactosamine-induced cytotoxicity in primary cultured mouse hepatocytes. Rhodiosin shows noncompetitive inhibition against Flavobacterium prolyl endopeptidase, with an IC50 of 41 microM, the enzyme that plays a role in the metabolism of proline-containing neuropeptidase which is recognized to be involved in learning and memory. Rhodiosin exhibits antioxidant activity, it could used as the treatment of lifestyle-related diseases such as hyperlipidemia and exogeneous obesity and as health foods.

Dihydrocapsiate is a member of phenols and a member of methoxybenzenes.

Fucoxanthin shows anti-obesity, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, chemopreventive and/or chemotherapeutic effects. Dietary combination of fucoxanthin and fish oil attenuates the weight gain of white adipose tissue and decreases blood glucose in obese/diabetic KK-Ay mice. Fucoxanthin suppresses the inflammation of endotoxin-induced uveitis by blocking the iNOS and COX-2 protein expression and its anti-inflammatory effect on eye is comparable with the effect of predinisolone used in similar doses. Fucoxanthin is an epoxycarotenol that is found in brown seaweed and which exhibits anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidative and neuroprotective properties. It has a role as a hypoglycemic agent, a hepatoprotective agent, a neuroprotective agent, a CFTR potentiator, an apoptosis inhibitor, a marine metabolite, a plant metabolite, a food antioxidant and an algal metabolite. It is a tertiary alcohol, an epoxycarotenol, a secondary alcohol, a member of allenes and an acetate ester.