Moracin O shows significant neuroprotective, and analgesic activities, it also has a strong protective influence against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in H9c2 cells with the EC50 value of 4.5 ± 1.3 uM. Moracin O exhibits potent in vitro inhibitory activity against hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1), which is a key mediator during adaptation of cancer cells to tumour hypoxia.

Catalpol is a kind of enzyme inhibitors, it has been shown to have antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis and other neuroprotective properties and plays a role in neuroprotection against hypoxic/ischemic injury, AD and PD in both in vivo and in vitro models.Catalpol regulates cholinergic nerve system function through effect on choline acetyl-transferase not M receptor affinity, it has a wide spectrum of targets including Bcl-2 , PI3K, Akt-eNOS, caspase. Catalpol is an organic molecular entity. It has a role as a metabolite.

Ginkgolide J has neuroprotective activity, it can prevent A beta(1-42) induced inhibition of long-term potentiation in the CA1 region of mouse hippocampal slices, it is also capable of inhibiting cell death of rodent hippocampal neurons caused by A beta(1-42). Ginkgolide J can inhibit platelet aggregation induced by ADP or PAF.

Hydrastine is a natural product found in Hydrastis canadensis. It has a role as a metabolite.

Dehydrocorydalin has anti-inflammatory,antinociceptive,antiplatelet,and anti-tumor effects and can protect the cardiovascular system. Dehydrocorydaline stimulates p38 MAPK activation, which can enhance heterodimerization of MyoD and E proteins, thus resulting in MyoD activation and myoblast differentiation. Dehydrocorydaline inhibits MCF-7 cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis mediated by regulating Bax/Bcl-2, activating caspases as well as cleaving PARP.

Yohimbic acid is a yohimban alkaloid. It is functionally related to a 17alpha-yohimbol.

Hydroalcoholic acid shows affinity for the GABA-A receptor. Hydroxyvalerenic acid has a low toxicity with IC50 values of 123 and 165 μM against GLC4 and COLO 320 cells, respectively

Decursinol is an organic heterotricyclic compound that is 7,8-dihydro-2H,6H-pyrano[3,2-g]chromen-2-one substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 7 and two methyl groups at position 8. It is isolated from the roots of Angelica gigas and has been found to possess significant inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase enzyme (EC 3.1.1.7). It has a role as a metabolite, an analgesic, an antineoplastic agent and an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor. Decursinol may be a beneficial antimetastatic agent, targeting MMPs and its upstream signaling molecules; it inhibits the proliferation and invasion of CT-26 colon carcinoma cells, might via downregulated ERK and JNK phosphorylation. Aspirin-decursinol has neuroprotective effects, may be closely related to the attenuation of ischemia-induced gliosis and maintenance of antioxidants.

Cytisine is an organic heterotricyclic compound that is the toxic principle in Laburnum seeds and is found in many members of the Fabaceae (legume, pea or bean) family. An acetylcholine agonist, it is widely used throughout Eastern Europe as an aid to giving up smoking. It has a role as a phytotoxin, a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist and a plant metabolite. It is an alkaloid, a lactam, an organic heterotricyclic compound, a bridged compound and a secondary amino compound. Cytisine is a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, has been widely used for central nervous system (CNS) diseases treatment. It is a partial agonist at alpha4/beta2 nAChRs, and a full agonist at alpha3/beta4 and alpha7 nAChRs, has antidepressant-like properties in several rodent models of antidepressant efficacy.

Hyoscyamine is an AChR inhibitor with IC50 of 7.5 nM, it is widely used in medicine due to its anticholinergic activity. Hyoscyamine could be used to reduce abdominal discomfort and colonic spasm during a barium enema. (S)-atropine is an atropine with a 2S-configuration. It is functionally related to a (S)-tropic acid. It is a conjugate base of a (S)-atropinium.

Yohimbine hydrochloride is an alpha 2-adrenoreceptor antagonist, blocking the pre- and postsynaptic alpha-2 adrenoreceptors and causing an increased release of noradrenaline and dopamine.It is an antagonist to xylazine hydrochloride-ketamine hydrochloride immobilization of white-tailed deer. Yohimbine has been used as a mydriatic and in the treatment of impotence. It is also alleged to be an aphrodisiac.

Moracin P exhibits potent in vitro inhibitory activity against hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1), which is a key mediator during adaptation of cancer cells to tumour hypoxia. Moracin P might protect neuronal cell death against the oxidative stress induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation(OGD), can enhance cell viability in dose-dependent manner against OGD-induced cell death in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.