Gymnestrogenin has a dual LXRα/β antagonistic profile.

4-Methylumbelliferone is a hyaluronic acid (HA) synthesis inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.4 mM, which has antitumoral and antimetastatic effects. 4-Methylumbelliferone may inhibit the phosphorylation of HAS2 by PKC through the stimulation of O-GlcNAcylation; it also similarly ameliorates hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia partly by modulating hepatic lipid metabolism and the antioxidant defense system along with increasing adiponectin levels. 4-methylumbelliferone is a hydroxycoumarin that is umbelliferone substituted by a methyl group at position 4. It has a role as a hyaluronic acid synthesis inhibitor and an antineoplastic agent. It is functionally related to an umbelliferone.

Pseudolaric Acid B has dual antiangiogenic, anti-fungal, anti-fertility, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and pro-apoptosis effects. Pseudolaric Acid B reversed the multidrug resistance of gastric neoplasm to chemotherapy drugs by downregulating the Cox-2/PKC-α/P-gp/mdr1 signaling pathway, it suppressed T lymphocyte activation through inhibition of NF-κB and p38 signaling pathways.

Cinnamyl alcohol is a primary alcohol comprising an allyl core with a hydroxy substituent at the 1-position and a phenyl substituent at the 3-position (geometry of the C=C bond unspecified). It has a role as a plant metabolite. Cinnamyl alcohol could as a fragrance ingredient with no safety concerns, it readily autoxidizes upon air exposure, and forms strong sensitizers as determined by the local lymph node assay.

Ergosterol is the primary sterol found in fungi, with antioxidative, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory effects, ergosterol peroxide has the potential to be developed as a therapeutic agent to prevent renal fibrosis. Ergosterol can promote pheromone signaling and plasma membrane fusion in mating yeast, the critical requirement for ergosterol in V-ATPase function may underlie the antifungal activity of azoles. Ergosterol is a phytosterol consisting of ergostane having double bonds at the 5,6-, 7,8- and 22,23-positions as well as a 3beta-hydroxy group. It has a role as a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite and a fungal metabolite. It is a 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid, a member of phytosterols, a 3beta-sterol and an ergostanoid.

1. Kaempferol activates LXR-β and suppresses SREBP-1 to enhance symptoms in metabolic syndrome. 2. Kaempferol exerts a potent inhibitory effect on in vitro bone resorption. 3. Kaempferol has anti-inflammatory action, can prevent and treat inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and ankylosing spondylitis. 4. Kaempferol has therapeutic potential for the prevention and treatment of thrombovascular diseases, can enhance relaxations caused by endothelium-derived and exogenous NO as well as those due to endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization. 5. Kaempferol can inhibit cancer cell invasion through blocking the PKCδ/MAPK/AP-1 cascade and subsequent MMP-9 expression and its activity, may act as a therapeutic potential candidate for cancer metastasis. 6. Kaempferol is an autophagic enhancer, has a more general protection in Parkinson's disease, can mediate antiapoptotic and antioxidant effects is the enhancement of mitochondrial turnover by autophagy.

Ganoderic acid Z is a triterpenoid.

1. Kaempferol activates LXR-β and suppresses SREBP-1 to enhance symptoms in metabolic syndrome. 2. Kaempferol exerts a potent inhibitory effect on in vitro bone resorption. 3. Kaempferol has anti-inflammatory action, can prevent and treat inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and ankylosing spondylitis. 4. Kaempferol has therapeutic potential for the prevention and treatment of thrombovascular diseases, can enhance relaxations caused by endothelium-derived and exogenous NO as well as those due to endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization. 5. Kaempferol can inhibit cancer cell invasion through blocking the PKCδ/MAPK/AP-1 cascade and subsequent MMP-9 expression and its activity, may act as a therapeutic potential candidate for cancer metastasis. 6. Kaempferol is an autophagic enhancer, has a more general protection in Parkinson's disease, can mediate antiapoptotic and antioxidant effects is the enhancement of mitochondrial turnover by autophagy.

Pseudolaric Acid C shows weak antifungal activity against Candida albicans.

The oxygenated sterols( 26-oxygenosterols ganoderol A, ganoderol B, ganoderal A, and ganoderic acid Y) from G. lucidum can inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis via conversion of acetate or mevalonate as a precursor of cholesterol.

1. Kaempferol activates LXR-β and suppresses SREBP-1 to enhance symptoms in metabolic syndrome. 2. Kaempferol exerts a potent inhibitory effect on in vitro bone resorption. 3. Kaempferol has anti-inflammatory action, can prevent and treat inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and ankylosing spondylitis. 4. Kaempferol has therapeutic potential for the prevention and treatment of thrombovascular diseases, can enhance relaxations caused by endothelium-derived and exogenous NO as well as those due to endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization. 5. Kaempferol can inhibit cancer cell invasion through blocking the PKCδ/MAPK/AP-1 cascade and subsequent MMP-9 expression and its activity, may act as a therapeutic potential candidate for cancer metastasis. 6. Kaempferol is an autophagic enhancer, has a more general protection in Parkinson's disease, can mediate antiapoptotic and antioxidant effects is the enhancement of mitochondrial turnover by autophagy.

27-Hydroxycholesterol is a selective estrogen receptor modulator and an agonist of the liver X receptor, it may negatively modulate cognitive effects and cholesterol metabolism in the brain. 27-Hydroxycholesterol can enhance cell release of IL-8, IL-1β, and TNF-α and to upregulate matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) via TLR4/NF-κB-dependent pathway; it also can reduce hepatic inflammation in hyperlipidemic mice. (25R)-cholest-5-ene-3beta,26-diol is a 26-hydroxycholesterol in which the 25-position has R-configuration. It has a role as a neuroprotective agent, an apoptosis inducer, a mouse metabolite and a human metabolite. It is functionally related to a cholesterol.

Geraniol is a terpene alcohol occurring in the essential oils of several aromatic plants used in the flavour and fragrance industries. It also exhibits insecticidal and repellent properties and used as a natural pest control agent exhibiting low toxicity.Geraniol is a glutathion S transferase inhibitor, shows anticarcinogenic props. Geraniol is a monoterpenoid consisting of two prenyl units linked head-to-tail and functionalised with a hydroxy group at its tail end. It has a role as a volatile oil component, a fragrance, an allergen and a plant metabolite. It is a primary alcohol, a 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol and a monoterpenoid.

Sitosterol is a member of the class of phytosterols that is stigmast-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3. It has a role as an antioxidant, an anticholesteremic drug, a sterol methyltransferase inhibitor, a mouse metabolite and a plant metabolite. It is a stigmastane sterol, a 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid, a C29-steroid, a member of phytosterols and a 3beta-sterol. It derives from a hydride of a stigmastane.

7alpha-hydroxycholesterol is the 7alpha-hydroxy derivative of cholesterol. It has a role as a mouse metabolite. It is a 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid, a 7alpha-hydroxy steroid and an oxysterol. It is functionally related to a cholesterol.