CASP3, or Caspase-3, is a crucial cysteine-aspartic acid protease that plays a central role as an executioner caspase in the apoptotic pathway. Activated by initiator caspases, CASP3 cleaves numerous cellular substrates, leading to the morphological and biochemical hallmarks of programmed cell death. Its dysregulation is implicated in various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and autoimmune conditions, making it a significant therapeutic target.