Alliin is an L-alanine derivative in which one of the methyl hydrogens of L-alanine has been replaced by an (S)-allylsulfinyl group. It has a role as an antioxidant, an antimicrobial agent, a neuroprotective agent, a plant metabolite and a cardioprotective agent. It is a sulfoxide, an olefinic compound, a L-cysteine derivative, a non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid and a L-alanine derivative. It is a tautomer of an alliin zwitterion. Alliin has antiglycating potential , it offers protection against glucose or methyglyoxal induced glycation of superoxide dismutase, hence is expected to have therapeutic potential in the prevention of glycation-mediated diabetic complications. Alliin has anti-inflammatory activity, it protects against Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) by activating PPARγ, which subsequently inhibits LPS-induced NF-κB activation and inflammatory response; alliin has an inhibitory effect in osteoclasteogenesis with a dose-dependent manner via blocking the c-Fos-NFATc1 signaling pathway, it could be a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of osteoporosis. Alliin and sabinene have detectable levels of antimicrobial activity. Alliin， Oral active sulfoxide compounds can be isolated from garlic, which have hypoglycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activities.

Cyclosporin A is a cyclic nonribosomal peptide of eleven amino acids; an immunosuppressant drug widely used in post-allogeneic organ transplant to reduce the activity of the patient's immune system, and therefore the risk of organ rejection. Also causes reversible inhibition of immunocompetent lymphocytes in the G0- and G1-phase of the cell cycle.