Periplogenin plays protective roles against thyrotoxicosis and associated cardiovascular problems, are mediated through its direct antithyroidal and/or LPO inhibiting properties. Periplogenin induces necroptotic cell death through oxidative stress in HaCaT cells and ameliorates skin lesions in the TPA- and IMQ-induced psoriasis-like mouse models.

Oleandrin has anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, and growth-modulatory effects , which may thus be partially ascribed to the inhibition of activation of NF-κB and AP-1 and potentiation of apoptosis; it has stronger anti-proliferative activity in undifferentiated CaCO-2 cells (IC50, 8.25 nM) , causes an autophagic cell death and altered ERK phosphorylation in undifferentiated.Oleandrin inhibits the Na+, K+-ATPase activity with an IC50 of 620 nM. Oleandrin is a steroid saponin that consists of oleandrigenin having a 2,6-dideoxy-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-arabino-hexopyranosyl residue attached to the oxygen function at position 3. It is a 14beta-hydroxy steroid, a cardenolide glycoside, a steroid ester and a steroid saponin. It is functionally related to an oleandrigenin.

Bufogenin is a steroid lactone of Chan su (toad venom), a Chinese medicine obtained from the skin venom gland of toads. A specific Na/K-ATPase protein inhibitor, it is used as a cardiotonic and central nervous system (CNS) respiratory agent, an analgesic and anesthetic, and as a remedy for ulcers. It has a role as an EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor. It is an epoxy steroid and a steroid lactone. It is functionally related to a bufanolide.

Periplocin has anti-cancer, and potent immunoregulatory effects, it induces apoptosis and inhibits growth of cancer cells by the beta-catenin/Tcf signaling pathway. Periplocin is used for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, reinforcement of bones and tendons, palpitations or shortness of breath and lower extremity edema in traditional medicine.

2,3,5,4'-Tetrahydroxyl-diphenylethylene-2-O-beta-D-glucoside is a stilbenoid that is trans-stilbene which has been substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3, 5, and 4', and in which the hydroxy group at positon 2 has then been converted to the corresponding the beta-D-glucoside. It has a role as an antioxidant, a platelet aggregation inhibitor, a cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, an anti-inflammatory agent, an apoptosis inhibitor and a cardioprotective agent.

Neriifolin is a cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxigenin in which the hydroxy goup at position 3 has been converted to its (6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-glucopyranoside derivative. Found in the seeds of Cerbera odollamand in Thevetia ahouia and Thevitia neriifolia. It has a role as a toxin, a cardiotonic drug and a neuroprotective agent. It is functionally related to a digitoxigenin.

Telocinobufagin is a novel endogenous digitalis, it shows a reversible local anesthetic action, similar to BUPI, however, without cardiac toxicity in vitro. Telocinobufagin has antimicrobial, potential immune system regulatory effects, it could be developed as a novel immunotherapeutic agent to treat and other immune-mediated diseases, and it may become a new immunomodulatory agent in many regions. Telocinobufagin is a steroid lactone. It is functionally related to a bufanolide.