Timosaponin A-III is a natural product found in Anemarrhena asphodeloides. It has a role as a metabolite.

1,6,6-trimethyl-8,9-dihydro-7H-naphtho[1,2-g]benzofuran-10,11-dione is an abietane diterpenoid.

1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose is a galloyl-beta-D-glucose compound having five galloyl groups in the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 6-positions. It has a role as a geroprotector, an antineoplastic agent, a radical scavenger, a hepatoprotective agent, a radiation protective agent, an anti-inflammatory agent and a plant metabolite. It is a galloyl beta-D-glucose and a gallate ester. It is a conjugate acid of a 1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose(1-).

Daphnoretin is a member of the class of coumarins that is coumarin substituted by a hydroxy group at position 7, a methoxy group at position 6 and a (2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl)oxy group at position 3. It has a role as an antiviral agent, a metabolite and an antineoplastic agent. It is an aromatic ether and a hydroxycoumarin. It is functionally related to a coumarin.

Moracin O shows significant neuroprotective, and analgesic activities, it also has a strong protective influence against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in H9c2 cells with the EC50 value of 4.5 ± 1.3 uM. Moracin O exhibits potent in vitro inhibitory activity against hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1), which is a key mediator during adaptation of cancer cells to tumour hypoxia.

Campesterol is a plant sterol with cholesterol lowering and anticarcinogenic effects, it and other plant sterols often decrease LDL cholesterol levels overall. Campesterol has anti-inflammatory effect, it inhibits several pro-inflammatory and matrix degradation mediators typically involved in osteoarthritis- induced cartilage degradation, also sometimes used to treat some specific prostate conditions. Campesterol is a 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid, a C28-steroid, a member of phytosterols and a 3beta-sterol. It has a role as a mouse metabolite. It derives from a hydride of a campestane.

Catalpol is a kind of enzyme inhibitors, it has been shown to have antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis and other neuroprotective properties and plays a role in neuroprotection against hypoxic/ischemic injury, AD and PD in both in vivo and in vitro models.Catalpol regulates cholinergic nerve system function through effect on choline acetyl-transferase not M receptor affinity, it has a wide spectrum of targets including Bcl-2 , PI3K, Akt-eNOS, caspase. Catalpol is an organic molecular entity. It has a role as a metabolite.

Alpha-amyrin is a pentacyclic triterpenoid that is ursane which contains a double bond between positions 12 and 13 and in which the hydrogen at the 3beta position is substituted by a hydroxy group. It is a pentacyclic triterpenoid and a secondary alcohol. It derives from a hydride of an ursane. Alpha-Amyrin is trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitor,it has antineoplastic,it induces proliferation of human keratinocytes.Alpha-Amyrin can as a hepatomodulatory potent to feasibility for a promising liver curative drug.

Neoeriocitrin is a flavanone glycoside that is eriodictyol substituted by a 2-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a member of 4'-hydroxyflavanones, a neohesperidoside, a trihydroxyflavanone, a disaccharide derivative and a flavanone glycoside. It is functionally related to an eriodictyol. Neoeriocitrin has antioxidant capacity, it could rescue the inhibition effect of cell differentiation induced by PD98059 to some degree.Neoeriocitrin may be a new promising candidate drug for treatment of osteoporosis.

Licoflavone A is a member of flavones.

Solasonine displays leishmanicidal activity against promastigote forms of L. amazonensis. Solasonine is a steroid, an azaspiro compound and an oxaspiro compound.

Luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside is a glycosyloxyflavone that is luteolin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as an antioxidant and a plant metabolite. It is a beta-D-glucoside, a trihydroxyflavone, a glycosyloxyflavone and a monosaccharide derivative. It is functionally related to a luteolin. It is a conjugate acid of a luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside(1-).

Harpagide has neuroprotective effect, it can obviously protect acute cerebral ischemia in mice,its therapeutical effects are approached to protecting the activity of brain mitochondria and decreasing protein expression level of caspase-3; harpagide also has a potential for prevention of bone loss in ovariectomized (OVX) mice by regulating the stimulation of osteoblast differentiation and the suppression of osteoclast formation. Harpagide may have anti-inflammatory efficacy.

Demethylzeylasteral exhibits strong inhibition towards UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A6 and 2B7, and the inhibition kinetic parameters (Ki) are calculated to be 0.6 uM and 17.3 uM for UGT1A6 and UGT2B7, respectively. Demethylzeylasteral has antimicrobial, strong immunosuppressive, and antifertility activities; it concentration-dependently and in a partially reversible manner can inhibit the Ca(2+) current in spermatogenic cells with an IC(50) of 8.8 microg/ml, and it also can inhibit significantly the sperm acrosome reaction initiated by progesterone. Demethylzeylasteral is a carbopolycyclic compound with formula C29H36O6, originally isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii. It has a role as an EC 2.4.1.17 (glucuronosyltransferase) inhibitor, an immunosuppressive agent, an anti-inflammatory agent, a nephroprotective agent and a plant metabolite. It is a member of benzenediols, an arenecarbaldehyde, a carbopolycyclic compound, an oxo monocarboxylic acid, a cyclic ketone and an enone.

Sennoside B is a member of the class of sennosides that is (9R,9'S)-9,9',10,10'-tetrahydro-9,9'-bianthracene-2,2'-dicarboxylic acid which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4 and 4', by beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy groups at positions 5 and 5', and by oxo groups at positions 10 and 10'. It is an oxo dicarboxylic acid and a member of sennosides. Sennoside B, a major purgative component, has a potential utility in the treatment of proliferative diseases, through inhibiting PDGF-stimulated cell proliferation by binding to PDGF-BB and its receptor and by down-regulating the PDGFR-beta signaling pathway. It and sennoside A also possess significant gastroprotective activities .

Ruscogenin exerts significant anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic activities.Ruscogenin significantly attenuates LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI )via inhibiting expressions of TF and iNOS and NF-κB p65 activation, it inhibits activation of neutrophil through cPLA 2 , PAK, Akt, MAPKs, cAMP, and PKA signaling pathways.

Peimine has good anti-inflammatory effects in vivo, it inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines induced by LPS through blocking MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways. It also has antitussive and sedative actions, the action being suspected to be central in nature.

Oleuropein is a secoiridoid glycoside that is the methyl ester of 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 4 by hydroxy, ethylidene, and carboxymethyl groups, respectively and in which the anomeric hydroxy group at position 2 has been converted into its beta-D-glucoside and the carboxylic acid moiety of the carboxymethyl substituent has been converted to the corresponding 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl ester (the 2S,3E,4S stereoisomer). Oleuropein exhibits anti-ischemic, antioxidative, hypolipidemic, in vitro antimycoplasmal , anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects., it also may be helpful in the prevention of diabetic complications associated with oxidative stress. Oleuropein prevents oxidative myocardial injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion, and reduces viremia in duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV)-infected ducks. Oleuropein reduces TLR and MAPK signaling.