Isopimpinellin has chemopreventive effects, it effectively inhibits mouse COH activity (IC50 values 19-40 microM).Isopimpinellin is a new inhibitor against the Leishmania APRT enzyme.

Angelicin is a furanocoumarin. Angelicin has anti-cancer, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activities;it regulates LPS-induced inflammation via inhibiting MAPK/NF-κB pathways. Angelicin is a powerful inducer of erythroid differentiation and -globin mRNA accumulation of human leukemia K562 cells, it is a potential therapeutic approach in hematological disorders, including -beta-thalassemia and sickle cell anemia. ngelicin is a type of furan coumarin NF - κ B and MAPK signaling inhibitor with anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and anti-tumor activities. Angelicin can inhibit the lysis and replication of gamma herpesvirus (such as MHV-68), act in the early stages of viral infection, and may inhibit RTA gene expression (IC50=28.95 μ M). Angelicin also alleviates inflammatory responses by inhibiting NF - κ B phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, as well as inhibiting p38 and JNK phosphorylation. Angelicin downregulates anti apoptotic proteins (such as Bcl-2, Bcl xL, and Mcl-1) and activates caspase-9 and caspase-3 to induce apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells.

Diosmin is a disaccharide derivative that consists of diosmetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as an antioxidant and an anti-inflammatory agent. It is a monomethoxyflavone, a rutinoside, a dihydroxyflavanone, a glycosyloxyflavone and a disaccharide derivative. It is functionally related to a diosmetin.

Galangin is an agonist/antagonist of the arylhydrocarbon receptor, and also shows inhibition of CYP1A1 activity. Galangin has anti-proliferation, anti-metastatic, anti-inflammatory, vasorelaxant, antiviral, anti-allergic inflammatory,anti-obesity effects; it may be a potential candidate for the treatment of vitiligo. Galangin can inhibit Topo I activity and reduce the unwinding rate of single stranded DNNA in tumor cells, which plays an important role in induction of A549 and H46 cell apoptosis. Galangin shows an inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity with the IC(50) of 120 microM; it also inhibits ERK, NF-κB-p65 and proinflammatory gene expression. Galangin is a 7-hydroxyflavonol with additional hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5 respectively; a growth inhibitor of breast tumor cells. It has a role as an antimicrobial agent, an EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor and a plant metabolite. It is a trihydroxyflavone and a 7-hydroxyflavonol.

Aurantio-obtusin is a trihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,3,7-trihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is by methoxy groups at positions 2 and 8, and by a methyl group at position 6.

8-Desoxygartanin is a member of xanthones.

26-Deoxyactein is a triterpenoid. It has a role as a metabolite.

4''-O-Glucosylvitexin is a C-glycosyl compound and a member of flavonoids.

Methysticin is a potent NF-kappaB inhibitor in kava with minimum toxicity, it possesses hepatotoxic, anticonvulsant and neuroprotective properties, it contributes to CYP1A1 induction. Methysticin is an aromatic ether and a member of 2-pyranones.

Arctiin is a glycoside and a lignan. Arctiin, a plant lignan that can be extracted from the Arctium lappa (burdock) seeds, is a possible environmental endocrine disruptor compounds and have been shown to influence sex hormone metabolism as well as protein synthesis, steroid biosynthesis. Arctiin has been reported to have preventing obesity, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant effects in vitro. Arctiin inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through the inhibition of PPARγ and C/EBPα and the activation of AMPK signaling pathways. Arctiin also has a protective effect on ROS-induced cell dysfunction in HHDPCs and may therefore be useful for alopecia prevention and treatment strategies. Arctiin is an orally active NF - κ B inhibitor. Arctiin inhibits the expression of cyclin D1 protein in human tumor cells. Arctiin can also reduce levels of malondialdehyde and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Arctiin can be used for the study of glomerulonephritis.

Bergapten is a psoralen that can be photoactivated and is capable of crossing-linking DNA, covalently modifying proteins and lipids, and consequently inhibiting cell replication. Bergapten has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor agent, it exhibits significant inhibition of the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, namely tumour necrotic factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide in a concentration-dependent manner. Bergapten effectively prevents LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis, bone resorption and survival via apoptotic response of osteoclasts and their precursors. 5-methoxypsoralen is a 5-methoxyfurocoumarin that is psoralen substituted by a methoxy group at position 5. It has a role as a hepatoprotective agent and a plant metabolite. It is a member of psoralens, an organic heterotricyclic compound and a 5-methoxyfurocoumarin. It is functionally related to a psoralen.

Limocitrin is a constituent of citrus fruit peels, belongs to the family of Flavonols.

2''-Rhamnosylvitexin is a derivative of vitexin having an alpha-L-rhamnosyl residue attached at the 2''-position of the glucitol moiety. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a C-glycosyl compound, a trihydroxyflavone and a disaccharide derivative. It is functionally related to a vitexin. It is a conjugate acid of a vitexin 2''-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside(1-).

In a discrete O-methyltransferase mediated reaction, 8-Hydroxybergapten is O-methylated to penicillin by cell-free extracts of Ruta cells. 8-Hydroxybergapten has excellent anti wrinkle effects.

Entadamide A is a N-acylethanolamine.