1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose is a galloyl-beta-D-glucose compound having five galloyl groups in the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 6-positions. It has a role as a geroprotector, an antineoplastic agent, a radical scavenger, a hepatoprotective agent, a radiation protective agent, an anti-inflammatory agent and a plant metabolite. It is a galloyl beta-D-glucose and a gallate ester. It is a conjugate acid of a 1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose(1-).

1,3-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is a derivative of caffeoylquinic acid, which possesses antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging activity.

Chrysazin is a dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 8. It has a role as an apoptosis inducer and a plant metabolite.

Ganodermanondiol exhibits potent cytoprotective effects on t-BHP-induced hepatotoxicity in human liver-derived HepG2 cells, presumably through Nrf2-mediated antioxidant enzymes and AMPK. It also can significantly inhibit the proliferation of leukemic cancer cells, and it could be one of the antileukemie active constituents of Ganoderma lucidum. Ganodermanondiol shows a strong anticomplement activity against the classical pathway (CP) of the complement system with IC(50) values of 41.7 microM. It shows significant anti-human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV)-1 protease activity with IC50 values of 20-90 microM.

Atractylodin has a good potential as a source for natural repellents, it could be developed as natural insecticide. Atractylodin has high lipase inhibitory activity with the IC50 of  39.12 μM.