Aristolochic acid A is an aristolochic acid that is phenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid that is substituted by a methylenedioxy group at the 3,4 positions, by a methoxy group at position 8, and by a nitro group at position 10. It is the most abundant of the aristolochic acids and is found in almost all Aristolochia (birthworts or pipevines) species. It has been tried in a number of treatments for inflammatory disorders, mainly in Chinese and folk medicine. Aristolochic acid A (Aristolochic acid I; TR 1736) is the main component of plant extracts Aristolochic acids, which are present in Aristolochia and Asarum herbaceous plants. Aristolochic acid A significantly reduces the activity of activator protein 1 (AP-1) and NF - κ B. Aristolochic acid A reduces the expression of bladder cancer related BLCAP gene in human cells.