Product name: Panaxcerol C
Synonym name:
Catalogue No.: BP5123
Cas No.: 63180-02-9
Formula: C₄₅H₇₄O₁₀
Mol Weight: 775.077
Botanical Source:
Type of Compound:

Purity: 95%~99%
Analysis Method: HPLC-DAD or/and HPLC-ELSD
Identification Method: Mass, NMR
Packing: Brown vial or HDPE plastic bottle

Storage: Store in a well closed container, protected from air and light. Put into refrigerate or freeze for long term storage.
Whenever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20℃. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks.

The product could be supplied from milligrams to grams
Inquire for bulk scale.

For Reference Standard and R&D, Not for Human Use Directly.

Storage conditions：Short-term storage at 2~8℃, long-term storage at -20 ~ -80℃

Introduction/Overview

Natural products, as an important source of drug development, hold an irreplaceable position in the field of modern medicine. Lipid-based natural products, due to their unique bioactivity and good biocompatibility, have shown broad application prospects in recent years in drug delivery systems, immune regulation, and antitumor treatment. Panaxcerol C (CAS No.: 63180-02-9), as an emerging natural lipid compound, has attracted widespread attention in pharmacology and medicinal chemistry due to its key role in the preparation of lipid nanoparticles (Lipid Nanoparticles, LNPs) and its potential immune-enhancing activity.

This paper aims to systematically review the chemical structure and physicochemical properties of Panaxcerol C, plant origin and extraction methods, pharmacological activity and mechanism of action, druggability evaluation, and pharmacokinetic characteristics. Combined with its target research in the field of immune enhancement, it explores in depth the clinical application prospects and development directions. By integrating existing literature with the latest research findings, the aim is to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the pharmacological development and clinical translation of this natural product.

Chemical structure and physicochemical properties

Panaxcerol C is a high molecular weight lipid compound with a molecular weight of 775.0770, high hydrophobicity (LogP=7.8504), and a topological pole surface area (TPSA) of 151.98 Ų, indicating that the molecule contains a certain number of polar groups and may participate in intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Its water solubility is extremely low (0.0056 mg/mL), showing strong lipophilic characteristics, which gives it advantages in cell membrane penetration and liposome construction.

Structurally, Panaxcerol C contains a long-chain fatty acid backbone and a polar head base, with a complex structure and high stereoselectivity. Its structural features make it an ideal material for constructing lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), capable of effectively encapsulating and delivering various drug molecules, especially nucleic acid drugs. Additionally, Panaxcerol C's high blood-brain barrier permeability offers potential applications for drug delivery in central nervous system diseases.

Notably, Panaxcerol C does not exhibit hERG channel inhibitory activity, indicating a low risk of cardiotoxicity; At the same time, the Ames mutagenic test result was negative, indicating a low genotoxicity risk and meeting the basic requirements for safe medication.

Plant Origins and Extraction Methods

Panaxcerol C mainly comes from plants of the genus Panaxcera in the Araliaceae family, with particularly abundant content in ginseng and its related species. As one of the lipid components of ginsenosides, Panaxcerol C exists in a bound state within plants, usually covalently binding with glycosides, fatty acids, and other substances to form complex lipid molecules.

Common methods for extracting Panaxcerol C include organic solvent extraction, supercritical CO₂ extraction, and column chromatography separation. Traditional organic solvent extraction usually uses ethanol or methanol as extractants, combined with ultrasound-assisted technology to improve extraction efficiency. Purification is then performed by silica gel column chromatography or reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) to ensure the high purity of Panaxcerol C.

In recent years, green extraction technologies such as supercritical fluid extraction and membrane separation have been introduced into the Panaxcerol C extraction process, not only improving extraction efficiency but also reducing environmental pollution and solvent residue risks, aligning with the sustainable development trend of modern natural product extraction.

Pharmacological activity research

Pharmacological research on Panaxcerol C has mainly focused on its application as a component of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) and its immunomodulatory functions. As an important component of LNPs, Panaxcerol C can significantly improve the stability and biocompatibility of nanoparticles, promote cellular uptake and release of drugs, and show excellent results especially in the field of nucleic acid drug delivery.

In terms of immune enhancement, Panaxcerol C works by modulating multiple immune-related targets. In vitro and in vivo experiments show that Panaxcerol C can upregulate the expression of key immune factors such as interleukin 2 (IL-2), signal transduction and transcription activator factor 4 (STAT4), and interferon γ (IFN-γ), promoting the activation and proliferation of T cell subsets CD4⁺ and CD8⁺, thereby enhancing the body's cellular immune response.

In addition, Panaxcerol C's regulatory effects on immune cells include promoting the maturation and antigen presentation ability of dendritic cells, enhancing the activity of natural killer cells (NK cells), and improving the body's immune surveillance capabilities against pathogens and tumor cells. These immunomodulatory properties give Panaxcerol C potential application value in adjunctive therapies against tumors, antivirals, and immunodeficiency diseases.

Mechanism of action and molecular targets

The immune-enhancing effect of Panaxcerol C is mainly achieved by regulating key molecules such as IL-2, STAT4, IFNG, CD4, and CD8A. As the core factor in T cell proliferation and differentiation, IL-2 upregulated its expression promotes the expansion of effector T cells. STAT4, as a key intracellular signaling protein, mediates the IL-12 signaling pathway, promotes Th1 cell differentiation, and enhances cellular immune responses.

IFN-γ is an important cytokine with antiviral, anti-tumor, and immunomodulatory functions. Panaxcerol C enhances the body's immune effects by promoting the secretion of IFN-γ. CD4-helper T cells and CD8-cytotoxic T cells are core effector cells of immune responses. Panaxcerol C can promote their activation and function, enhancing the overall effectiveness of the immune system.

At the molecular mechanism level, Panaxcerol C may influence the aggregation and signaling of immune cell receptors by regulating lipid components of cell membranes, further activating downstream signaling pathways. Additionally, as a component of LNPs, Panaxcerol C helps deliver immunomodulators or antigens to target cells, enhancing the specificity and intensity of immune responses.

Druggability evaluation and pharmacokinetics

Druggability evaluation of Panaxcerol C showed good safety and pharmacokinetic characteristics. Its high molecular weight and high lipid solubility give it strong membrane permeability in the body, especially its high blood-brain barrier permeability, indicating potential drug delivery capacity in the central nervous system.

Although its low water solubility limits its oral bioavailability, nanotechnology modifications, such as lipid nanoparticle encapsulation, can effectively improve its distribution in vivo and pharmacological efficacy. It does not inhibit hERG channels, reducing the risk of cardiotoxicity; A negative Ames test indicates a low genotoxicity risk and meets safety standards.

Pharmacokinetic studies show that Panaxcerol C is mainly metabolized in the body through the liver, with its metabolites being safe and easily excreted. Its moderate half-life allows it to maintain effective concentrations, supporting its use as a component in drug delivery systems. Furthermore, the metabolic pathway of Panaxcerol C requires further in-depth study to clarify its in vivo transport mechanisms and potential drug interactions.

Prospects and outlooks for clinical applications

As a natural lipid, Panaxcerol C, with its unique physicochemical properties and immunomodulatory functions, shows broad application prospects in clinical drug delivery and immunotherapy. First, as a component of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), they can effectively encapsulate and deliver various drugs, especially nucleic acid drugs (such as mRNA and siRNA), providing new carrier options for gene therapy and vaccine development.

Secondly, Panaxcerol C's immune-enhancing effect provides potential adjunctive therapies for immunodeficiency diseases, tumor immunotherapy, and infectious disease prevention and control. By modulating key immune molecules and cellular functions, Panaxcerol C is expected to enhance patients' immune responses and improve treatment outcomes.

Future research should focus on validating the efficacy of Panaxcerol C in different disease models, optimizing the design of its drug delivery system, and improving targeting and bioavailability. At the same time, it is important to strengthen safety evaluation and preclinical toxicology studies to lay a solid foundation for clinical trials. Furthermore, by combining modern molecular biology with nanotechnology, the development of novel immunomodulators and drug carriers based on Panaxcerol C will drive its advancement toward clinical translation.

Conclusion

Panaxcerol C, as a natural product with a unique lipid structure and significant immunomodulatory activity, demonstrates significant application value in drug delivery and immunotherapy. Its excellent physicochemical properties and good safety provide a solid foundation for its role as a lipid nanoparticle component, while its regulatory mechanisms for IL-2, STAT4, IFN-γ, and T cell subsets reveal the molecular basis for immune enhancement.

In the future, with optimization of extraction technology and innovations in drug delivery systems, Panaxcerol C is expected to become a new generation of natural lipid drug carriers and immunomodulators, promoting the deep integration of natural product pharmacology research and clinical applications. Systematic and in-depth pharmacological mechanism research and preclinical evaluation will provide scientific evidence for clinical translation and promote its widespread application in the treatment of immune-related diseases.

In summary, Panaxcerol C not only enriches the research scope of natural lipid drugs but also provides new ideas and strategies for modern precision medicine and personalized treatment, worthy of ongoing attention and in-depth exploration.