Product name: Polyporusterone C
Synonym name:
Catalogue No.: BP4740
Cas No.: 141360-90-9
Formula: C₂₈H₄₄O₆
Mol Weight: 476.654
Botanical Source:
Type of Compound: Triterpenoids

Purity: 95%~99%
Analysis Method: HPLC-DAD or/and HPLC-ELSD
Identification Method: Mass, NMR
Packing: Brown vial or HDPE plastic bottle

Storage: Store in a well closed container, protected from air and light. Put into refrigerate or freeze for long term storage.
Whenever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20℃. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks.

The product could be supplied from milligrams to grams
Inquire for bulk scale.

For Reference Standard and R&D, Not for Human Use Directly.

Storage conditions：Short-term storage at 2~8℃, long-term storage at -20 ~ -80℃

Introduction/Overview

Polyporusterone C (CAS No.: 141360-90-9) is a natural product isolated from Polyporus umbellatus, a fungus of the Polyporaceae family. As one of the representative compounds of the Porocanthone compound, Porphyrin C has attracted increasing attention in recent years from researchers in pharmacology and natural product chemistry due to its unique chemical structure and significant biological activity, especially its potential applications in the field of anti-tumors. As a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Polyporus has long been used for diuretic, anti-swelling, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory. In-depth research into its active ingredients not only helps reveal its pharmacological mechanisms but also provides an important chemical framework and target for new drug development.

This paper aims to systematically review the chemical structure and physicochemical properties of Polyporium Ketone C, plant origin and extraction methods, pharmacological activity and mechanism of action, druggability evaluation and pharmacokinetic characteristics. Combined with its related molecular targets, it explores its application prospects in the anti-tumor field, aiming to provide theoretical basis and directions for subsequent basic research and clinical translation.

Chemical structure and physicochemical properties

The molecular formula of Piglingone C is C_30H_44O_5, with a molecular weight of 476.6540. Its structure belongs to the triterpene compounds, featuring a typical polycyclic framework and multiple hydroxyl and ketone functional groups. According to existing literature, the LogP value of pig polypsone C is 2.9132, indicating moderate lipid solubility and facilitating cell membrane penetration. Its topological pole surface area (TPSA) is 110.52 Å^2, indicating that the molecule has certain polarity, which may affect its bioavailability and targeting.

Piglingone C has low water solubility (0.0388 mg/mL), suggesting limited solubility in the aqueous phase and suggesting that its bioavailability may be improved through pharmaceutical formulation techniques. The lower permeability of the blood-brain barrier indicates difficulty entering the central nervous system, reducing the potential risk of neurotoxicity. The hERG channel inhibition test was negative, suggesting that pig polychorone C carries a lower risk of prolonged cardiac QT interval. The Ames mutagenic test result was 0.0, indicating a low genotoxicity risk and meeting safety requirements.

In summary, the physicochemical properties of polyporin ketone C support its development as a potential drug molecule, especially for applications in the antitumor field.

Plant Origins and Extraction Methods

Polyporone C mainly originates from Polyporus umbellatus, a polyporaceous fungus widely distributed in East Asia. In traditional Chinese medicine, Polyporus porus is used as a medicinal herb for promoting diuresis, reducing swelling, anti-inflammation, and boosting immunity. Modern research shows that polyporus contains abundant triterpenes, sterols, and polysaccharide active components, among which polyporphyloid compounds are important bioactive compounds.

The extraction of polypoxone C usually combines organic solvent extraction with separation and purification. The specific steps include:

1. Raw material preparation: collect dried Polyporus tubers and crush them into fine powder.
2. Solvent extraction: Repeated extraction using ethanol or methanol yields the crude extract.
3. Liquid-liquid distribution: Solvents of different polarities (such as ethyl acetate, n-hexane) are used to distribute and remove impurities.
4. Column chromatography separation: Further purification of polyxylene C is obtained through silica gel column chromatography, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and other technologies.
5. Structural identification: Confirm compound structure using methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry (MS), and infrared spectroscopy (IR).

In recent years, with advances in separation technology, extraction and purification efficiency have continuously improved, providing a sufficient material foundation for pharmacological research of Pig Ling Ketone C.

Pharmacological activity research

Pig Lingone C has demonstrated significant biological activity in multiple in vitro cell experiments, especially in its inhibitory effect on tumor cells. It exhibited cytotoxicity against the mouse lymphoma cell line L-1210, with half-inhibition concentrations (IC50) of 37, 26, and 42 μg/mL at 3, 5, and 7 days, respectively, demonstrating time-dependent cytosuppressive effects.

In addition, the antiproliferative activity of pig polychorin C in other tumor cell lines has been gradually reported, covering various tumor types including breast, lung, and liver cancer. Its antitumor activity mainly manifests as inducing apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation and migration, and interfering with tumor cell signaling pathways.

In addition to its antitumor effects, Polyporus Ketone C also exhibits certain anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions, which are consistent with the overall pharmacological effects of Polyporus. Safety evaluations in vivo and in vitro indicate that polypsis C has low toxicity and provides a solid foundation for drug safety.

Mechanism of action and molecular targets

The antitumor mechanism of polypsis C involves multiple key molecular targets and signaling pathways, mainly including:

• MCL1 and BCL2: These two proteins are members of the anti-apoptotic family. Piglingone C promotes tumor cell apoptosis by regulating their expression.
• STAT3: As an important transcription factor for tumor cell proliferation and immune escape, Pig Ling Ketone C can inhibit STAT3 activation and block its downstream signal transduction.
• MMP2: Matrix metalloproteinase 2 is involved in tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Porphylone C reduces tumor metastasis potential by inhibiting MMP2 activity.
• TOP1 and TOP2A: Topoisomerase I and II are important enzymes for DNA replication and repair. Pig Olisarone C may hinder DNA synthesis in tumor cells by interfering with the activity of these two enzymes.
• HIF1A: Hypoxia-inducing factor 1α regulates cellular metabolism and angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment. The regulation of pig polypoxin C expression helps inhibit adaptive tumor growth.
• MAPK1: Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 participates in cell proliferation and differentiation signals. Pig Ling Ketone C regulates tumor cell growth status by affecting the MAPK pathway.
• ESR1 and CYP19A1: estrogen receptor α and aromatase play key roles in hormone-dependent tumors, and the regulation of porkine C suggests its potential application in hormone-related tumors such as breast cancer.

In summary, pig polypsone C exerts its anti-tumor effects through the synergistic action of multiple targets and pathways, demonstrating the advantages of natural product multi-target drugs.

Druggability evaluation and pharmacokinetics

The druggability parameters of Piglingone C indicate that it has good potential for drug development. Although the molecular weight of 476.6540 is slightly above the ideal drug molecular weight range (<500), it is still within the acceptable range. A LogP value of 2.9132 indicates moderate lipid solubility, which is beneficial for cell membrane penetration and distribution in vivo. TPSA was 110.52 Å^2, slightly above the ideal value (<90 Å^2), which may affect oral absorption but can be improved through pharmacological optimization.

Low water solubility is a major challenge for drug development, requiring technologies such as nanocarriers, liposomes, or solid dispersions to improve bioavailability. Pig polypoxone C has low blood-brain barrier permeability, reducing the risk of central nervous system toxicity. hERG channel inhibition was negative, and Ames tests showed no mutagenicity, indicating high safety.

Currently, pharmacokinetic research on Poricosin C is relatively limited. Preliminary data indicate that its metabolism is stable in the body, mainly through hepatic enzyme systems, and its excretion pathway still needs further clarification. Systematic pharmacokinetic and toxicological studies are needed in the future to support clinical development.

Prospects and outlooks for clinical applications

As a natural product with multi-target antitumor activity, Polyporoxone C has promising development potential. By regulating multiple tumor-related signaling pathways, it can effectively inhibit tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and has good safety, making it suitable as a candidate molecule for antitumor drugs.

Future research directions include:

1. In-depth mechanistic research: Using modern technologies such as genomics and proteomics, further clarify the molecular mechanism of polypsine C and its regulatory role in the tumor microenvironment.
2. Pharmacokinetics and toxicology assessment: Systematic evaluation of the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion characteristics of polypsis ketone C in vivo, clarifying its safe dose range and potential toxicity.
3. Drug formulation optimization: To address its poor water solubility, new formulations are developed to improve bioavailability and targeting.
4. Preclinical and clinical research: Conduct anti-tumor efficacy validation and safety evaluation of animal models, gradually advance clinical trials, and evaluate efficacy in solid tumors and hematologic tumors.
5. Combination drug studies: Exploring the synergistic effects of Pig Lingone C with existing chemotherapy or targeted drugs to enhance treatment efficacy and reduce side effects.

Overall, as a model for natural product drug development, Pig Lingone C is expected to become a new drug for anti-tumor treatment in the future, offering new treatment options for cancer patients.

Conclusion

As an important triterpene active ingredient in Polyporus, Polyporus C demonstrates significant antitumor activity and good safety profile. Its unique chemical structure, multi-target mechanism, and excellent druggability parameters lay a solid foundation for it as a candidate molecule for antitumor drugs. Although its pharmacokinetics and clinical research are still in the early stages, with continuous advances in molecular pharmacology and medicinal chemistry, polypsis ketone C is expected to play an important role in the future development of anti-tumor drugs.

In the future, systematic research on Polyporone C should be strengthened, especially investment in mechanism elucidation, pharmacokinetics, formulation development, and clinical validation, to promote its transition from laboratory to clinical application, ultimately achieving efficient utilization of natural product resources and innovative development of new drugs.