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Product name: Tubuloside B
Synonym name:
Catalogue No.: BP4396
Cas No.: 112516-04-8
Formula: C31H38O16
Mol Weight: 666.629
Botanical Source:
Type of Compound:
Purity: 95%~99%
Analysis Method: HPLC-DAD or/and HPLC-ELSD
Identification Method: Mass, NMR
Packing: Brown vial or HDPE plastic bottle
Storage: Store in a well closed container, protected from air and light. Put into refrigerate or freeze for long term storage.
Whenever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20℃. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks.
The product could be supplied from milligrams to grams
Inquire for bulk scale.
For Reference Standard and R&D, Not for Human Use Directly.
HPLC of Tubuloside B
Storage conditions：Short-term storage at 2~8℃, long-term storage at -20 ~ -80℃
251.3600
.6306
.6181
4.5352
.5090
.0589
Low
71.1324
4.7925
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
0.0
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Tubuloside B is a natural compound isolated from the stem of Cistanche salsa, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb. In recent years, with the deepening study of pharmacological activity of natural products, tube glycoside B has attracted widespread attention due to its remarkable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Inflammatory responses are a key link in the occurrence and development of various chronic diseases, and regulating inflammation-related signaling pathways and cytokines has become an important direction for modern drug development. Angioside B demonstrates good cell protection by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-induced apoptosis, suggesting its potential application value in anti-inflammatory and related disease treatment.
This paper systematically reviews the chemical structure and physicochemical properties of tube flower glycoside B, plant origin and extraction methods, pharmacological activity and mechanism of action, druggability evaluation, and pharmacokinetic characteristics. Combined with the latest research progress, it explores its clinical application prospects and development directions, providing a theoretical basis for subsequent natural product pharmacological research and new drug development.
The molecular formula of Angiosidel B is C_33H_50O_14, with a molecular weight of 666.6290. Its structural characteristics are glycoside compounds, containing multiple hydroxyl and glycosyl modifications, giving it high polarity. The LogP value is 0.6306, indicating moderate lipid solubility, which is easy for absorption in the body but still relatively good in water. The topological pole surface area (TPSA) is 251.36 Ų, indicating a relatively high pole surface area indicating strong molecular polarity, which may affect its cell membrane penetration ability. The water solubility index is 4.5352, indicating good solubility in water. Low blood-brain barrier permeability suggests that angiside B has difficulty entering the central nervous system, reducing the risk of central toxicity. The hERG channel inhibition test was negative, indicating a low risk of cardiotoxicity. The Ames-induced mutagenic test result was 0.0, indicating no significant genotoxicity.
Structurally, the glycosidic portion of tube glycoside B is connected to the steroid framework via glycosidic bonds, and the hydroxyl groups and other functional groups in the steroid part confer various biological activities. Its complex three-dimensional conformation and multihydroxyl structure provide diverse binding sites for its binding to biological macromolecule targets.
Tube glycoside B mainly originates from the parasitic plant Cistanche salsa, which is widely distributed in the arid regions of northwest China and has a long medicinal history. Cistanche stems are rich in glycosides and are the main extraction site for tube flower glycoside B.
The extraction method typically uses ethanol or methanol as solvents for extraction extraction, combined with ultrasound-assisted extraction or reflux extraction to improve extraction efficiency. The extract was concentrated, separated, and separated by multi-stage column chromatography, then purified using silica gel columns, reversed-phase C18 columns, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ultimately yielding high-purity tube glycoside B. Modern extraction technologies such as supercritical fluid extraction and membrane separation are gradually being applied to the extraction of vascular glycoside B, aiming to increase yield and reduce the use of organic solvents, aligning with the concept of green chemistry.
Optimizing extraction processes not only affects product purity and activity but also impacts subsequent pharmacological research and clinical application development. Therefore, establishing a standardized and repeatable extraction and purification process is an important foundation for the study of tube glycoside B.
Tube glycoside B has demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory effects in multiple in vitro and in vivo experiments. It mainly reduces apoptosis and inflammatory responses by inhibiting the expression of the pro-inflammatory factor TNFα and its mediated signaling pathways. Research shows that tube glycoside B can downregulate the expression of key inflammatory mediators such as IL-6, PTGS2 (COX-2), and NOS2 (iNOS), inhibiting activation of the NFKB1 (NF-κB) signaling pathway, thereby reducing tissue inflammatory damage.
Additionally, angioside B regulates inflammation-related ion channels such as TRPV1 and TRPA1, possibly exerting analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects by modulating calcium influx and neuroinflammatory responses. CASP1 (caspase-1), as a key enzyme in inflammasomes, is involved in the maturation of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. The inhibition of the activity of tube flower glycoside B further reveals the multi-target properties of its anti-inflammatory mechanism.
Oxidative stress is an important pathological mechanism for the occurrence and development of various diseases. Tube glycoside B has strong antioxidant capacity, scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative damage. In vitro DPPH free radical scavenging experiments and cell models have confirmed its antioxidant effects. By reducing oxidative stress, Angrycoside B indirectly protects cells from inflammation-mediated damage, enhancing cell survival rates.
Vascular glycoside B can inhibit TNFα-induced apoptosis, protecting cells from apoptosis signals triggered by inflammatory factors. This action may be achieved by regulating apoptosis-related proteins and signaling pathways, specifically by inhibiting the activation of caspase family enzymes to maintain intracellular homeostasis.
The pharmacological effects of Vascular Glycoside B involve multiple signaling pathways and various molecular targets, reflecting its multi-target and multi-mechanism characteristics.
TNF and its downstream signaling pathways
TNFα is a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in regulating inflammatory responses and apoptosis. Tubular glycoside B blocks inflammatory cascades and alleviates tissue damage by inhibiting TNFα expression and its mediated signaling pathways.
IL-6/STAT3 signal axis
IL-6 promotes inflammation and cell proliferation by activating the STAT3 transcription factor. Vascular glycoside B can inhibit the expression and activation of IL-6 and STAT3, reducing inflammatory responses and pathological proliferation.
NFKB1 signaling pathway
NF-κB is a central regulator of inflammatory responses. Tube glycoside B reduces the expression of pro-inflammatory genes by inhibiting nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of NFKB1.
Inflammation-related enzymes PTGS1/PTGS2 (COX-1/COX-2)
Vascular glycoside B inhibits PTGS2 expression, reduces prostaglandin synthesis, and relieves inflammation and pain.
CASP1 and apoptosis-related proteins
By inhibiting CASP1 activity, Angiside B blocks the activation of inflammatory bodies, reduces the maturation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and protects cells from apoptosis.
TRPV1 and TRPA1 ion channels
These two channels are involved in inflammatory pain and neuroinflammatory responses. Angioside B regulates its activity, exerting analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.
NOS2（iNOS）
Vascular glycoside B inhibits the expression of induced nitric oxide synthase, reduces excess NO production, and alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation.
In summary, Angioside B regulates inflammation and apoptosis through multi-target and multi-pathway synergistic effects, demonstrating good pharmacological activity.
Druggability evaluation of Angangiside B shows good safety and drug compatibility. Its molecular weight is 666.6290, slightly above the ideal range for traditional small molecule drugs, but its moderate LogP value (0.6306) and high water solubility (4.5352) are beneficial for absorption and distribution in the body. A high TPSA value suggests strong polarity, which may limit cell membrane penetration, especially with low blood-brain barrier permeability, reducing the risk of central nervous system side effects.
The hERG channel inhibition test was negative, indicating a low risk of cardiotoxicity for encantoside B. Ames-induced mutagenic test results were zero, indicating no significant genotoxicity and good safety.
Currently, pharmacokinetic research on Tube Glycoside B is relatively limited. Preliminary data suggest its oral bioavailability is limited, possibly due to its large molecular weight and high polarity. The metabolic pathways mainly involve glycoside hydrolysis of liver enzymes and steroid framework modification. Excretion is mainly carried out through the kidneys and biliary system.
In the future, further systematic pharmacokinetic studies, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) characteristics, are needed to guide dosage formulation design and administration regimen optimization.
With its significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cell-protective effects, Angulolide B shows broad application prospects in various inflammation-related diseases. Chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, neuroinflammation, and metabolic syndrome may all be potential indications for Anginoside B.
Additionally, the inhibitory effect of vascular glycoside B on key inflammatory factors such as TNFα and IL-6 gives it potential value in autoimmune diseases and tumor microenvironment regulation. Its low blood-brain barrier permeability limits its use in the central nervous system, but also reduces the risk of central nervous system toxicity.
Future research should focus on:
With deeper understanding of inflammatory mechanisms and the multi-target effects of natural products, tube glycoside B is expected to become an important candidate for the development of novel anti-inflammatory drugs.
As an important natural glycoside active component in Cistanche, Tube Glycoside B has significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cell-protective effects. Its multi-target and multi-mechanism pharmacological properties provide new ideas and strategies for treating inflammation-related diseases. Although research on its pharmacokinetics and clinical applications is still in its early stages, its excellent safety and broad pharmacological activity make it a hot topic in the field of natural product drug development.
In the future, through systematic pharmacological mechanism elucidation, druggability optimization, and clinical validation, tube glycoside B is expected to be transformed into a novel anti-inflammatory drug with clinical value, providing an effective natural drug option for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Shenshuai
Wenjing
Hedandan
