Product name: 3,29-Dibenzoyloxykarounidiol
Synonym name:
Catalogue No.: BP4280
Cas No.: 389122-01-4
Formula: C₄₄H₅₆O₄
Mol Weight: 648.928
Botanical Source: Trichosanthis semen
Type of Compound: Triterpenoids

Purity: 95%~99%
Analysis Method: HPLC-DAD or/and HPLC-ELSD
Identification Method: Mass, NMR
Packing: Brown vial or HDPE plastic bottle

Storage: Store in a well closed container, protected from air and light. Put into refrigerate or freeze for long term storage.
Whenever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20℃. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks.

The product could be supplied from milligrams to grams
Inquire for bulk scale.

For Reference Standard and R&D, Not for Human Use Directly.

HPLC of 3,29-Dibenzoyloxykarounidiol

Storage conditions：Short-term storage at 2~8℃, long-term storage at -20 ~ -80℃

Introduction/Overview

Natural products, as important resources for drug discovery, have long played an irreplaceable role in the development of anti-tumor drugs. 3,29-Dibenzoyloxykarounidiol (CAS No.: 389122-01-4) is a unique natural diol derived from plants in the Trichophylaceae family, which has attracted widespread attention in recent years due to its remarkable antitumor activity. This compound regulates tumor cell growth, apoptosis, and metastasis-related signaling pathways through multiple targets, demonstrating promising pharmacological potential. This paper aims to systematically review the chemical structure, physicochemical properties, plant origin, and extraction method of 3,29-dibenzoyloxytricorn indiol, with a focus on evaluating its antitumor pharmacological activity and mechanism of action, exploring its druggability and pharmacokinetic characteristics, and looking ahead to its clinical application prospects.

Chemical structure and physicochemical properties

3,29-DibenzoylTrichophylenediol is a natural diol compound with a complex structure, molecular formula C_39H_40O_8, and molecular weight 648.9280. Its structure contains two benzoyl-substituted hydroxyl groups, located at positions 3 and 29 of the molecule, respectively, giving it strong hydrophobicity. The LogP value reaches as high as 10.1812, indicating extremely strong lipid solubility, poorly soluble in water (water solubility 0.0000), but possesses high blood-brain barrier penetration ability. The polar surface area (TPSA) is 52.6 Ų, moderate to support its membrane permeability. This compound does not exhibit hERG channel inhibitory activity, and Ames mutagenic test results are zero, indicating good safety and low genotoxicity risk.

Benzyl modification of chemical structures not only affects its physicochemical properties but may also enhance its binding affinity with target proteins, thereby improving bioactivity. Multiple hydroxyl and ester bonds in the molecule provide potential chemical modification sites, facilitating subsequent structural optimization and drug design.

Plant Origins and Extraction Methods

3,29-Dibenzoyl Trichocarpine glycol is mainly found in Trichophyllaceae plants, especially the seeds and roots of Trichosanthes species. As a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Trichosanthes seed has long been used to treat various diseases, and in-depth research on its active ingredients has revealed several diol-based compounds with potential medicinal value.

The extraction process typically uses organic solvent extraction combined with chromatography separation technology. Common extraction solvents include methanol, ethanol, and their aqueous solutions. Leveraging their high lipid solubility, organic phase extraction is preferred. The extract underwent multiple purification steps such as silica gel column chromatography and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), ultimately yielding high-purity 3,29-dibenzoyltrichourediol. In recent years, supercritical CO_2 extraction and microwave-assisted extraction technologies have also been tried to improve extraction efficiency and purity, reduce solvent usage, and align with the concept of green chemistry.

Pharmacological activity research

Pharmacological research on 3,29-dibenzoyl Trichoyandiol mainly focuses on the antitumor field. In vitro cell experiments showed that this compound had a significant proliferation inhibition effect on various tumor cell lines (such as breast cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, and colorectal cancer cells), with IC_50 values generally in the low micromolar range. Its antitumor activity is characterized by promoting tumor cell apoptosis, blocking the cell cycle process, and inhibiting tumor cell migration and invasion capabilities.

In vivo animal model studies further confirmed its anti-tumor effects. In mouse transplanted tumor models, 3,29-dibenzoyloxytrichotrienediol significantly prolonged survival, reduced tumor volume, and showed no significant toxic side effects, demonstrating good safety and therapeutic potential. Additionally, this compound exhibits certain anti-angiogenic activity and may exert comprehensive anti-cancer effects by regulating the tumor microenvironment.

Mechanism of action and molecular targets

3,The antitumor mechanism of 2,29-dibenzoyltrichoyandiol involves multiple signaling pathways and key molecular targets, reflecting its multi-target and multi-mechanism pharmacological characteristics.

1. Anti-apoptotic regulation
   This compound can downregulate the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins MCL1 and BCL2, disrupt tumor cell survival signals, and induce mitochondrial pathway-mediated apoptosis. By regulating the balance of BCL2 family proteins, it promotes programmed cell death.

2. Signal transduction path regulation
   3,29-Dibenzoyloxytrichourediol inhibits the activity of the STAT3 and MAPK1 signaling pathways, blocking tumor cell proliferation and metastasis signals. As a key regulator of tumor cell proliferation and immune evasion, STAT3's inhibition helps restore the tumor immune microenvironment.

3. Matrix metalloproteinase inhibition
   By inhibiting the expression and activity of MMP2, it reduces the degradation of tumor cell matrix and prevents tumor cell invasion and metastasis.

4. DNA topoisomerase inhibition
   This compound inhibits TOP1 and TOP2A, interferes with DNA replication and transcription processes, and inhibits tumor cell proliferation.

5. Regulation of hypoxia-inducing factors
   Inhibits HIF1A expression, blocks tumor hypoxia adaptation mechanisms, and reduces tumor resistance and invasiveness.

6. Regulation of hormone receptors and metabolic enzymes
   Regulation of estrogen receptor ESR1 and aromatase CYP19A1 suggests potential application value in hormone-dependent tumors (such as breast cancer).

In summary, 3,29-dibenzoyltrichourediol intervenes in multiple key biological processes of tumor cells through multi-target synergistic effects, demonstrating broad-spectrum anti-tumor potential.

Druggability evaluation and pharmacokinetics

From the perspective of druggability, 3,29-dibenzoyloxytrichotrienediol presents certain challenges. Its extremely high lipid solubility (LogP=10.1812) results in extremely poor water solubility, limiting its oral bioavailability and in vivo distribution. Nevertheless, its low polar surface area (TPSA=52.6) and high blood-brain barrier permeability indicate that this compound can effectively enter the central nervous system and has potential for developing drugs for brain tumor treatments.

In terms of safety, this compound did not show hERG channel inhibitory activity, suggesting a low risk of cardiotoxicity. A negative Ames test result supports its genotoxic safety and meets the basic requirements of drug development.

Pharmacokinetic research is still in its early stages. In vivo metabolic kinetics indicate that this compound is mainly metabolized by the liver and may involve the CYP450 enzyme system; the activity and toxicity of the metabolite require further evaluation. Its high lipophilubility may lead to widespread distribution in the body, but it can also cause accumulation and slow metabolism. In the future, drug carrier systems such as nanoparticles and liposomes will need to improve their solubility and bioavailability.

Prospects and outlooks for clinical applications

Given the significant antitumor activity and multi-target mechanisms of 3,29-dibenzoyloxytrichoethylenediol in various tumor cell lines, this compound has the potential to become a novel antitumor drug. Especially in the treatment of drug-resistant tumors and brain tumors, its high blood-brain barrier permeability makes it possible to overcome the limitations of traditional drugs.

Future research should focus on the following areas:

1. Structural optimization and drug design
   Chemical modification reduces LogP value, improving water solubility and oral bioavailability, while maintaining or enhancing antitumor activity.

2. Development of drug delivery systems
   Using nanotechnology, liposomes, polymer carriers, and other technologies to improve in vivo stability and targeting, reducing side effects.

3. In-depth mechanism research
   Further clarifying its effects on the tumor microenvironment, immune regulation, and tumor stem cells, expanding its application scope.

4. Preclinical and clinical research
   Conduct systematic toxicological evaluation and pharmacokinetic studies to advance it into clinical trials.

5. Combination medication strategies
   Explore synergies with existing chemotherapy drugs, targeted drugs, or immunotherapies to enhance treatment outcomes.

Conclusion

3,29-Dibenzoyltrichourediol, as a natural product with a unique structure and multi-target antitumor activity, shows broad prospects for drug development. Its complex mechanism of action offers new ideas for innovation in anti-tumor drugs, but limitations in druggability and pharmacokinetics also suggest the need for further optimization. Through multidisciplinary collaboration, combining modern medicinal chemistry, drug delivery technologies, and molecular biology methods, 3,29-dibenzoyltrichourediol is expected to become an important candidate drug in the field of anti-tumor therapy, offering new treatment options for cancer patients.