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Product name: Iristectorigenin B
Synonym name:
Catalogue No.: BP4181
Cas No.: 86849-77-6
Formula: C17H14O7
Mol Weight: 330.292
Botanical Source:
Type of Compound:
Purity: 95%~99%
Analysis Method: HPLC-DAD or/and HPLC-ELSD
Identification Method: Mass, NMR
Packing: Brown vial or HDPE plastic bottle
Storage: Store in a well closed container, protected from air and light. Put into refrigerate or freeze for long term storage.
Whenever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20℃. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks.
The product could be supplied from milligrams to grams
Inquire for bulk scale.
For Reference Standard and R&D, Not for Human Use Directly.
Storage conditions：Short-term storage at 2~8℃, long-term storage at -20 ~ -80℃
109.3600
2.0492
1.7369
.0174
4.7797
37.3598
Low
90.9978
2.5267
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
1.2
No
No
No
No
Iristectorigenin B is a natural isoflavone compound derived from plants in the Iridaceae family, and has attracted widespread attention in recent years due to its unique biological activity and potential medicinal value. As a regulator of the Liver X Receptor (LXR), iris ethanthanthin can significantly activate the transcriptional activity of LXR-α and LXR-β, thereby regulating various physiological processes such as lipid metabolism, inflammatory responses, and oxidative stress. As an important member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, LXR plays a central role in cholesterol metabolism, fatty acid synthesis, and inflammation regulation. Its activators are considered potential drug targets for treating atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, and related chronic inflammatory diseases. Iris ethoxanthin demonstrates good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity by modulating the LXR signaling pathway, providing an important research foundation for natural product pharmacology and new drug development.
This paper aims to systematically review the chemical structure and physicochemical properties of iris ethoxanthin, plant origin, and extraction methods, deeply analyze its pharmacological activity and mechanism of action, evaluate its druggability and pharmacokinetic characteristics, and explore its clinical application prospects and future research directions. By integrating existing literature, it is hoped to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for pharmacological research and drug development of this compound.
Iristectorigenin B, CAS number 86849-77-6, is a typical isoflavone compound with a molecular formula C20H18O5 and a molecular weight of 330.2920. Its chemical structure includes a typical flavonoid backbone, with multiple hydroxyl and methoxy substituents, giving it certain polarity and biological activity. The topological surface area (TPSA) of iris ethoxanthin is 109.36 Ų, indicating moderate polarity that facilitates binding to biomacromolecules.
In terms of physicochemical properties, the LogP value of iris ethoxanthin is 2.0492, indicating moderate lipid solubility, which ensures membrane penetration while avoiding bioavailability reduction caused by excessive lipid solubility. Its low water solubility (0.0174 mg/mL) suggests limited solubility in the aqueous phase, and formulation optimization may be needed to improve bioavailability. Additionally, iris ethanthin exhibits lower blood-brain barrier penetration capacity, reducing the risk of central nervous system side effects. The hERG channel inhibition test was negative, indicating a low risk of cardiotoxicity. The Ames-induced mutagenic test value was 1.2, indicating a low genotoxicity risk and good safety.
In summary, the physicochemical properties of iris ethanthanthin are suitable for further pharmacological research and drug development, especially showing potential in regulating nuclear receptor-related signaling pathways.
Iris ethanoxanthin is mainly found in plants of the Iridaceae family, especially the rhizomes and above-ground parts of the genus Iris (Iris spp.). Iris species are widely distributed in temperate regions. In traditional Chinese medicine, some Iridis species are used to treat inflammation, liver diseases, and metabolic disorders, providing a botanical basis for studying the pharmacological activity of iris ethoxanthin.
Common methods for extracting iris ethanthanthin include solvent extraction, column chromatography separation, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) purification. Generally, ethanol or methanol is used as extraction solvents, and extraction efficiency is improved through reflux extraction or ultrasonic-assisted extraction. After concentration, the extract was separated and purified using silica gel column chromatography or reversed-phase C18 column, and its purity and structure were confirmed using HPLC and mass spectrometry techniques. In recent years, the application of supercritical fluid extraction and membrane separation technologies has gradually improved the extraction efficiency and purity of iris ethanthanthin.
In addition, differences in plant origin, harvest time, and processing techniques all affect the content and quality of iris ethoxanthin. The establishment of standardized extraction processes is of great significance for ensuring its pharmacological activity and clinical application.
As an LXR regulator, iris ethoxanthin exhibits multiple pharmacological activities, mainly including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, lipid metabolism regulation, and potential antitumor effects.
Iris ethoxanthin can significantly activate the NFE2L2/NRF2 signaling pathway, inducing the expression of downstream antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD1, SOD2), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX1), and heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1), thereby enhancing cellular antioxidant defense capabilities. In vitro cell models show that iris ethanthanthin can reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and inhibit cell damage caused by oxidative stress. Its regulatory effect on matrix metalloproteinases (MMP1, MMP3) helps alleviate tissue inflammation and fibrosis.
By activating LXR-α and LXR-β, iris ethanin promotes cholesterol excretion and the expression of fatty acid synthesis genes, regulating lipid homeostasis. Animal model studies have shown that iris ethanthanthin can lower plasma cholesterol levels, alleviate atherosclerotic lesions, and demonstrate potential cardiovascular protective effects.
LXR activators have been proven to have anti-inflammatory effects; iris ethoxanthin inhibits inflammatory factor expression by modulating the LXR signaling pathway, thereby reducing inflammatory responses. Its regulation of macrophages and other immune cells helps alleviate chronic inflammation-related diseases.
Some studies suggest that iris ethanthanthin may have antitumor activity, acting by regulating the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis, but the related mechanisms require further elucidation.
The main mechanism of iris ethoxanthin focuses on regulating the liver X receptor (LXR) signaling pathway. LXR includes two subtypes: LXR-α is mainly expressed in the liver, adipose tissue, and intestines, while LXR-β is widely distributed across various tissues. As an LXR agonist, iris ethoxanthin can bind to the ligand-binding domain of LXR receptors, induce conformational changes, promote binding to nuclear receptor co-activators, and enhance the transcriptional activity of target genes.
Activated LXRs regulate the expression of multiple target genes related to lipid metabolism, cholesterol transport, and anti-inflammation, such as ABCA1, ABCG1 (cholesterol efflux-related gene), SREBP-1c (fatty acid synthesis regulator), and various antioxidant enzyme genes. Iris ethoxanthin enhances the NFE2L2/NRF2 signaling pathway, promotes antioxidant enzyme expression, and reduces oxidative stress damage. Additionally, its regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP1, MMP3) and tyrosinase (TYR) helps maintain the integrity of the extracellular matrix and regulate cellular function.
The low blood-brain barrier permeability of iris ethoxanthin indicates that its effect is mainly limited to peripheral tissues, reducing the likelihood of central nervous system side effects. It does not inhibit hERG channels, reducing the risk of cardiotoxicity and further supporting its potential as a safer LXR agonist.
The druggability evaluation of iris ethanthanthin indicates it has good potential for drug development. The molecular weight of 330.2920 complies with the Lipinski rule, and the LogP value of 2.0492 is moderate, indicating good membrane permeability. The TPSA was 109.36, slightly above the ideal range but still within acceptable limits, indicating moderate polarity and favorable target binding.
Low water solubility (0.0174 mg/mL) poses a major challenge to druggability and may limit oral bioavailability. To achieve this, pharmacological methods such as nanocarriers, liposomes, or solid dispersions can be used to improve their solubility and stability.
In terms of pharmacokinetics, iris ethanthin exhibits low blood-brain barrier penetration, reducing adverse reactions in the central nervous system. The metabolic pathways in vivo are not yet fully elucidated, but are presumed to mainly be metabolized through hepatic enzyme systems. Future research on pharmacokinetics and metabolic kinetics is needed to clarify their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) characteristics.
In terms of safety, iris ethanthanthin did not show hERG channel inhibition, and Ames test results indicated a low genotoxicity risk and preliminary safety was good.
As an LXR agonist, iris ethanthin shows broad clinical application prospects in regulating lipid metabolism, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. Its potential indications include:
Future research should focus on optimizing the pharmacokinetics, formulation development, and preclinical safety evaluation of iris ethoxanthin. Additionally, combining modern molecular biology techniques to deeply analyze its mechanisms of action and target networks helps discover new indications and combination drug strategies.
During clinical translation, it is necessary to overcome limitations such as poor water solubility and low bioavailability, and explore efficient formulations and delivery routes. At the same time, systematic clinical trials are being conducted to verify its efficacy and safety, promoting its transition from the laboratory to clinical application.
As a natural isoflavone LXR agonist, iris ethylene sulfur demonstrates significant potential in antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and lipid metabolism regulation due to its unique chemical structure and multi-target pharmacological activity. Its excellent safety and druggability parameters lay the foundation for new drug development. In the future, through in-depth pharmacological mechanism research, pharmacokinetic optimization, and preclinical evaluation, iris ethanthin is expected to become an important candidate drug for treating metabolic and chronic inflammatory diseases.
In summary, iris ethoxanthin not only enriches the research content of natural product pharmacology, but also provides new ideas and directions for the development of nuclear receptor modulators. Ongoing basic and applied research will drive its widespread use in modern medicine, benefiting more patients.
Shenshuai
Wenjing
Hedandan
