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Product name: Iristectorin B
Synonym name: Iristectrigenin A 7-glucoside
Catalogue No.: BP4180
Cas No.: 94396-09-5
Formula: C23H24O12
Mol Weight: 492.433
Botanical Source: Belamcanda chinensis （L.）DC.
Physical Description: 射干
Type of Compound: Flavonoids
Purity: 95%~99%
Analysis Method: HPLC-DAD or/and HPLC-ELSD
Identification Method: Mass, NMR
Packing: Brown vial or HDPE plastic bottle
Storage: Store in a well closed container, protected from air and light. Put into refrigerate or freeze for long term storage.
Whenever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20℃. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks.
The product could be supplied from milligrams to grams
Inquire for bulk scale.
For Reference Standard and R&D, Not for Human Use Directly.
Storage conditions：Short-term storage at 2~8℃, long-term storage at -20 ~ -80℃
188.5100
.1459
.1143
1.4019
.6423
.5297
Low
80.7346
4.0126
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
0.6
Yes
No
Yes
No
Iristectorin B is a natural isoflavone product isolated from the Iris tectorum, a plant of the genus Iris, and has attracted attention for its remarkable biological activity. As a natural compound with multiple pharmacological activities, iris ethiside not only demonstrates potential against breast cancer but also demonstrates good anti-inflammatory activity, involving multiple key inflammatory signaling pathways and molecular targets. In recent years, with the deepening development of natural product pharmacology, the structural characteristics, mechanisms of action, and druggability evaluation of iris ethyl glycoside have gradually become clearer, laying a solid foundation for its application in drug development.
This review aims to systematically summarize the chemical structure and physicochemical properties of iris ethylside, plant origin, and extraction methods, with a focus on evaluating its pharmacological activity and mechanism of action. It conducts a comprehensive evaluation combined with druggability parameters, explores its clinical application prospects and future research directions, and aims to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for the development of natural product drugs.
Iristectorin B (CAS No.: 94396-09-5) is an isoflavone compound with a molecular formula of C_27H_28O_9 and a molecular weight of 492.4330. Its structural core is the typical isoflavone backbone, containing multiple hydroxyl and glycoside groups, giving it high polarity and water solubility. The LogP value is 0.1459, indicating strong hydrophilicity, and the TPSA (Topological Polar Surface Area) is 188.5100, indicating high molecular polarity that may affect its cell membrane penetration ability and bioavailability.
The water solubility of iris ethyl glycoside is 1.4019. Its higher water solubility facilitates absorption and distribution in the body, but may also limit its ability to cross lipid membranes. The blood-brain barrier has low permeability, suggesting its limited role in the central nervous system. A negative hERG channel inhibition test indicates a low risk of cardiotoxicity. The Ames test result was 0.6, indicating weak genotoxicity and a solid safety foundation.
The presence of polyhydroxyl and glycosyl groups in the chemical structure not only affects its physicochemical properties but may also significantly impact its binding affinity with biological targets and pharmacological activity. Its isoflavone framework endows it with multiple biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties.
Iris ethyl glycoside is mainly extracted from the Iris tectorum Maxim. (iris flower) plant of the genus Iris. Iris tectorum is a perennial herb widely distributed throughout East Asia, and its rhizome portion is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat various diseases. This plant is rich in isoflavone compounds, with iris ethyl glycoside being one of its representative components.
The extraction process usually uses ethanol or methanol as solvent, and crude extracts are obtained through reflux extraction or ultrasound-assisted extraction. Subsequently, high-purity iris ethyl glycoside was obtained using liquid-liquid partitioning, column chromatography (such as silica gel columns, reversed-phase C18 columns), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Modern extraction technologies such as supercritical fluid extraction and microwave-assisted extraction are also gradually being applied to improve extraction efficiency and purity.
Key parameters during the extraction process include solvent polarity, extraction time, temperature, and pH value, which directly affect the yield and purity of iris ethyl glycoside. Optimization research on the extraction of iris ethanoside helps achieve large-scale production, providing a stable material foundation for subsequent pharmacological studies and clinical development.
Pharmacological activity studies of iris ethinoside mainly focus on its anti-breast cancer and anti-inflammatory effects, demonstrating good multi-target regulatory capability.
Multiple in vitro cell experiments have shown that iris ethatoside has a significant inhibitory effect on breast cancer cells. Its mechanism involves inducing cell cycle arrest, promoting cancer cell apoptosis, and inhibiting tumor cell migration and invasion. Iris ethyl glycoside exhibits potential anti-tumor activity by modulating multiple signaling pathways, intervening in the proliferation and survival of cancer cells.
Additionally, iris ethyl glycoside can reduce inflammation in the tumor microenvironment by regulating oxidative stress levels, enhancing anti-cancer effects. Its low toxicity and good safety profile provide favorable conditions for it as a candidate drug against breast cancer.
Iris ethiside has demonstrated multi-target regulation in anti-inflammatory research. Its targets include key inflammation-related molecules such as IL-6, STAT3, CASP1, TRPV1, PTGS1, TNF, TRPA1, NOS2, PTGS2, and NFKB1. These targets play a central role in initiating, maintaining, and amplifying inflammatory responses.
Iris glycoside can significantly inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and TNF-α, block activation of the STAT3 and NF-κB signaling pathways, and reduce the release of inflammatory mediators, thereby alleviating inflammatory responses. Its regulation of CASP1 helps inhibit the activation of inflammasomes, reducing pyroptosis and the release of inflammatory factors.
Additionally, iris ethyl glycoside regulates TRPV1 and TRPA1, potentially alleviating neuroinflammation and pain, demonstrating its potential application value in chronic inflammation and neuropathological pain.
The pharmacological mechanism of iris ethiside is complex, involving the coordinated regulation of multiple signaling pathways and molecular targets.
IL-6 is a typical pro-inflammatory cytokine that promotes inflammatory responses and tumor cell survival by activating the STAT3 transcription factor. Iris glycoside can inhibit the expression of IL-6 and mediate STAT3 phosphorylation, block signal transduction, and suppress inflammation and tumor cell proliferation.
NF-κB is a key regulator of inflammation and immune responses. Iris ethiside exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NFKB1 activation, reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory genes such as TNF-α and PTGS2 (COX-2), lowering the production of inflammatory mediators.
CASP1 is a key component of the inflammasome and is involved in the maturation and release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. The inhibitory effect of iris on CASP1 helps alleviate inflammatory responses mediated by inflammasomes, preventing excessive inflammation and tissue damage.
Iris ethiside regulates TRPV1 and TRPA1, helping to alleviate inflammation-related neuropathic pain. TRPV1 and TRPA1 act as ion channels at sensory nerve endings, participating in pain signal transmission and inflammatory responses.
Iris ethyl glycoside regulates NOS2 (induced nitric oxide synthase) activity, reduces excess NO production, lowers oxidative stress levels, protects tissues from free radical damage, and enhances its anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects.
The druggability parameters of iris ethinoside indicate that it has certain development potential.
Currently, pharmacokinetic data on iris ethyl glycoside are limited, and preliminary estimates suggest its oral bioavailability is limited, and it may be necessary to improve absorption and stability through drug carriers or structural modifications. Metabolic pathways and excretion methods in the body still require further research to clarify their behavior and safety in vivo.
As a natural isoflavone with multiple biological activities, iris ethiside demonstrates good anti-breast cancer and anti-inflammatory potential, laying the foundation for becoming a novel natural drug or drug-lead compound.
Given its inhibitory effect on breast cancer cells, iris is expected to serve as an adjunct therapy when combined with existing chemotherapy drugs to enhance efficacy and reduce side effects. In the future, systematic in vivo antitumor activity evaluation and toxicological studies are needed to clarify safe doses and therapeutic windows.
Iris ethinoside plays a role in regulating multi-target inflammatory signaling pathways, giving it potential for treating chronic inflammatory diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease) and neuroinflammation-related pain. Its low toxicity and multi-target properties make it suitable for development as a natural anti-inflammatory drug or adjunctive therapy.
To overcome the bioavailability and in vivo stability issues of iris ethylside, future strategies such as structural modification, nanocarrier encapsulation, and combination therapy can optimize its pharmacokinetic properties. Further pharmacodynamic and toxicological studies, as well as validation of preclinical animal models, are key to advancing its clinical translation.
Additionally, based on modern molecular docking and network pharmacology methods, in-depth analysis of iris ethinoside's network of action and potential targets helps discover more pharmacological effects and indications.
As a natural isoflavone derived from Iris tectorum, iris ethyl glycoside demonstrates multiple biological functions such as anti-breast cancer and anti-inflammatory effects due to its unique chemical structure and multi-target pharmacological activity. Its mechanism of action involves key molecular pathways such as IL-6/STAT3, NF-κB, inflammasomes, and TRP channels, reflecting the complex and refined regulatory network of natural products.
Although the pharmacokinetics and clinical research of iris ethyl glycoside are still in the early stages, its good safety and multi-target characteristics provide strong support for its development as a novel natural drug. In the future, through multidisciplinary collaboration, optimizing its drug properties and deeply elucidating its mechanisms of action is expected to promote the clinical application of iris ethinoside in the fields of anticancer and anti-inflammation, achieving the successful transformation of natural products into clinical drugs.
Shenshuai
Wenjing
Hedandan
